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Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment
The OPERA neutrino oscillation experiment is based on the use of the Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC). In the OPERA ECC, nuclear emulsion films acting as very high precision tracking detectors are interleaved with lead plates providing a massive target for neutrino interactions. We report on studies rel...
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Lenguaje: | eng |
Publicado: |
2008
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/07/P07002 http://cds.cern.ch/record/1102550 |
_version_ | 1780914053882839040 |
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author | Anokhina, A. Aoki, S. Ariga, A. Arrabito, L. Autiero, D. Badertscher, A. Bay, F. Bergnoli, A. Bersani Greggio, F. Besnier, M. Bick, D. Bozza, C. Brugiere, T. Brugnera, R. Brunetti, G. Buontempo, S. Carrara, E. Cazes, A. Chaussard, L. Chernyavsky, M. Chiarella, V. Chon-Sen, N. Chukanov, A. Consiglio, L. Cozzi, M. Dal Corso, F. D'Amato, G. D'Ambrosio, N. De Lellis, G. Declais, Y. De Serio, M. Di Capua, F. Di Ferdinando, D. Di Giovanni, A. Di Marco, N. Di Troia, C. Dmitrievski, S. Dominjon, A. Dracos, M. Duchesneau, D. Dulach, B. Dusini, S. Ebert, J. Egorov, O. Enikeev, R. Ereditato, A. Esposito, L.S. Favier, J. Felici, G. Ferber, T. Fini, R. Franceschi, A. Fukuda, T. Fukushima, C. Galkin, V.I. Galkin, V.A. Garfagnini, A. Giacomelli, G. Giorgini, M. Goellnitz, C. Golubkov, D. Gornoushkin, Y. Grella, G. Grianti, F. Guler, M. Gusev, G. Gustavino, C. Hagner, Caren Hara, T. Hierholzer, M. Hiramatsu, S. Hoshino, Kaoru Ieva, M. Jakovcic, K. Janicsko Csathy, J. Janutta, B. Jollet, C. Juget, F. Kawai, T. Kazuyama, M. Kim, S.H. Kimura, M. Knuesel, J. Kodama, K. Komatsu, M. Kose, U. Kreslo, I. Laktineh, I. Lazzaro, C. Lenkeit, J. Ljubicic, A. Longhin, Andrea Lutter, G. Manai, K. Mandrioli, G. Manzoor, S. Marotta, A. Marteau, J. Matsuoka, H. Mauri, N. Meisel, F. Meregaglia, A. Messina, M. Migliozzi, P. Miyamoto, S. Monacelli, P. Morishima, K. Moser, U. Muciaccia, M.T. Naganawa, N. Naka, T. Nakamura, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, T. Nikitina, V. Niwa, K. Nonoyama, Y. Ogawa, S. Osedlo, V. Ossetski, D. Paoloni, A. Park, B.D. Park, I.G. Pastore, A. Patrizii, L. Pennacchio, E. Pessard, H. Pistillo, C. Polukhina, N. Pozzato, M. Pretzl, K. Publichenko, P. Pupilli, F. Roganova, T. Rosa, G. Rostovtseva, I. Rubbia, A. Russo, A. Ryazhskaya, O. Ryzhikov, D. Sato, Y. Sato, O. Saveliev, V. Sazhina, G. Schembri, A. Scotto Lavina, L. Shibuya, H. Simone, S. Sioli, M. Sirignano, C. Sirri, G. Song, J.S. Spinetti, M. Stanco, L. Starkov, N. Stipcevic, M. Strauss, T. Strolin, Paolo Emilio Sugonyaev, V. Taira, Y. Takahashi, S. Tenti, M. Terranova, F. Tioukov, V. Togo, V. Tolun, P. Tsarev, V. Tufanli, S. Ushida, N. Valieri, C. Vilain, P. Vladimirov, M. Votano, L. Vuilleumier, J.L. Wilquet, G. Wonsak, B. Wurtz, J. Yoon, C.S. Yoshida, J. Zaitsev, Y. Zemskova, S. Zghiche, A. Zimmermann, R. |
author_facet | Anokhina, A. Aoki, S. Ariga, A. Arrabito, L. Autiero, D. Badertscher, A. Bay, F. Bergnoli, A. Bersani Greggio, F. Besnier, M. Bick, D. Bozza, C. Brugiere, T. Brugnera, R. Brunetti, G. Buontempo, S. Carrara, E. Cazes, A. Chaussard, L. Chernyavsky, M. Chiarella, V. Chon-Sen, N. Chukanov, A. Consiglio, L. Cozzi, M. Dal Corso, F. D'Amato, G. D'Ambrosio, N. De Lellis, G. Declais, Y. De Serio, M. Di Capua, F. Di Ferdinando, D. Di Giovanni, A. Di Marco, N. Di Troia, C. Dmitrievski, S. Dominjon, A. Dracos, M. Duchesneau, D. Dulach, B. Dusini, S. Ebert, J. Egorov, O. Enikeev, R. Ereditato, A. Esposito, L.S. Favier, J. Felici, G. Ferber, T. Fini, R. Franceschi, A. Fukuda, T. Fukushima, C. Galkin, V.I. Galkin, V.A. Garfagnini, A. Giacomelli, G. Giorgini, M. Goellnitz, C. Golubkov, D. Gornoushkin, Y. Grella, G. Grianti, F. Guler, M. Gusev, G. Gustavino, C. Hagner, Caren Hara, T. Hierholzer, M. Hiramatsu, S. Hoshino, Kaoru Ieva, M. Jakovcic, K. Janicsko Csathy, J. Janutta, B. Jollet, C. Juget, F. Kawai, T. Kazuyama, M. Kim, S.H. Kimura, M. Knuesel, J. Kodama, K. Komatsu, M. Kose, U. Kreslo, I. Laktineh, I. Lazzaro, C. Lenkeit, J. Ljubicic, A. Longhin, Andrea Lutter, G. Manai, K. Mandrioli, G. Manzoor, S. Marotta, A. Marteau, J. Matsuoka, H. Mauri, N. Meisel, F. Meregaglia, A. Messina, M. Migliozzi, P. Miyamoto, S. Monacelli, P. Morishima, K. Moser, U. Muciaccia, M.T. Naganawa, N. Naka, T. Nakamura, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, T. Nikitina, V. Niwa, K. Nonoyama, Y. Ogawa, S. Osedlo, V. Ossetski, D. Paoloni, A. Park, B.D. Park, I.G. Pastore, A. Patrizii, L. Pennacchio, E. Pessard, H. Pistillo, C. Polukhina, N. Pozzato, M. Pretzl, K. Publichenko, P. Pupilli, F. Roganova, T. Rosa, G. Rostovtseva, I. Rubbia, A. Russo, A. Ryazhskaya, O. Ryzhikov, D. Sato, Y. Sato, O. Saveliev, V. Sazhina, G. Schembri, A. Scotto Lavina, L. Shibuya, H. Simone, S. Sioli, M. Sirignano, C. Sirri, G. Song, J.S. Spinetti, M. Stanco, L. Starkov, N. Stipcevic, M. Strauss, T. Strolin, Paolo Emilio Sugonyaev, V. Taira, Y. Takahashi, S. Tenti, M. Terranova, F. Tioukov, V. Togo, V. Tolun, P. Tsarev, V. Tufanli, S. Ushida, N. Valieri, C. Vilain, P. Vladimirov, M. Votano, L. Vuilleumier, J.L. Wilquet, G. Wonsak, B. Wurtz, J. Yoon, C.S. Yoshida, J. Zaitsev, Y. Zemskova, S. Zghiche, A. Zimmermann, R. |
author_sort | Anokhina, A. |
collection | CERN |
description | The OPERA neutrino oscillation experiment is based on the use of the Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC). In the OPERA ECC, nuclear emulsion films acting as very high precision tracking detectors are interleaved with lead plates providing a massive target for neutrino interactions. We report on studies related to the effects occurring from the contact between emulsion and lead. A low radioactivity lead is required in order to minimize the number of background tracks in emulsions and to achieve the required performance in the reconstruction of neutrino events. It was observed that adding other chemical elements to the lead, in order to improve the mechanical properties, may significantly increase the level of radioactivity on the emulsions. A detailed study was made in order to choose a lead alloy with good mechanical properties and an appropriate packing technique so as to have a low enough effective radioactivity. |
id | cern-1102550 |
institution | Organización Europea para la Investigación Nuclear |
language | eng |
publishDate | 2008 |
record_format | invenio |
spelling | cern-11025502023-04-04T03:18:27Zdoi:10.1088/1748-0221/3/07/P07002http://cds.cern.ch/record/1102550engAnokhina, A.Aoki, S.Ariga, A.Arrabito, L.Autiero, D.Badertscher, A.Bay, F.Bergnoli, A.Bersani Greggio, F.Besnier, M.Bick, D.Bozza, C.Brugiere, T.Brugnera, R.Brunetti, G.Buontempo, S.Carrara, E.Cazes, A.Chaussard, L.Chernyavsky, M.Chiarella, V.Chon-Sen, N.Chukanov, A.Consiglio, L.Cozzi, M.Dal Corso, F.D'Amato, G.D'Ambrosio, N.De Lellis, G.Declais, Y.De Serio, M.Di Capua, F.Di Ferdinando, D.Di Giovanni, A.Di Marco, N.Di Troia, C.Dmitrievski, S.Dominjon, A.Dracos, M.Duchesneau, D.Dulach, B.Dusini, S.Ebert, J.Egorov, O.Enikeev, R.Ereditato, A.Esposito, L.S.Favier, J.Felici, G.Ferber, T.Fini, R.Franceschi, A.Fukuda, T.Fukushima, C.Galkin, V.I.Galkin, V.A.Garfagnini, A.Giacomelli, G.Giorgini, M.Goellnitz, C.Golubkov, D.Gornoushkin, Y.Grella, G.Grianti, F.Guler, M.Gusev, G.Gustavino, C.Hagner, CarenHara, T.Hierholzer, M.Hiramatsu, S.Hoshino, KaoruIeva, M.Jakovcic, K.Janicsko Csathy, J.Janutta, B.Jollet, C.Juget, F.Kawai, T.Kazuyama, M.Kim, S.H.Kimura, M.Knuesel, J.Kodama, K.Komatsu, M.Kose, U.Kreslo, I.Laktineh, I.Lazzaro, C.Lenkeit, J.Ljubicic, A.Longhin, AndreaLutter, G.Manai, K.Mandrioli, G.Manzoor, S.Marotta, A.Marteau, J.Matsuoka, H.Mauri, N.Meisel, F.Meregaglia, A.Messina, M.Migliozzi, P.Miyamoto, S.Monacelli, P.Morishima, K.Moser, U.Muciaccia, M.T.Naganawa, N.Naka, T.Nakamura, M.Nakamura, T.Nakano, T.Nikitina, V.Niwa, K.Nonoyama, Y.Ogawa, S.Osedlo, V.Ossetski, D.Paoloni, A.Park, B.D.Park, I.G.Pastore, A.Patrizii, L.Pennacchio, E.Pessard, H.Pistillo, C.Polukhina, N.Pozzato, M.Pretzl, K.Publichenko, P.Pupilli, F.Roganova, T.Rosa, G.Rostovtseva, I.Rubbia, A.Russo, A.Ryazhskaya, O.Ryzhikov, D.Sato, Y.Sato, O.Saveliev, V.Sazhina, G.Schembri, A.Scotto Lavina, L.Shibuya, H.Simone, S.Sioli, M.Sirignano, C.Sirri, G.Song, J.S.Spinetti, M.Stanco, L.Starkov, N.Stipcevic, M.Strauss, T.Strolin, Paolo EmilioSugonyaev, V.Taira, Y.Takahashi, S.Tenti, M.Terranova, F.Tioukov, V.Togo, V.Tolun, P.Tsarev, V.Tufanli, S.Ushida, N.Valieri, C.Vilain, P.Vladimirov, M.Votano, L.Vuilleumier, J.L.Wilquet, G.Wonsak, B.Wurtz, J.Yoon, C.S.Yoshida, J.Zaitsev, Y.Zemskova, S.Zghiche, A.Zimmermann, R.Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experimentDetectors and Experimental TechniquesThe OPERA neutrino oscillation experiment is based on the use of the Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC). In the OPERA ECC, nuclear emulsion films acting as very high precision tracking detectors are interleaved with lead plates providing a massive target for neutrino interactions. We report on studies related to the effects occurring from the contact between emulsion and lead. A low radioactivity lead is required in order to minimize the number of background tracks in emulsions and to achieve the required performance in the reconstruction of neutrino events. It was observed that adding other chemical elements to the lead, in order to improve the mechanical properties, may significantly increase the level of radioactivity on the emulsions. A detailed study was made in order to choose a lead alloy with good mechanical properties and an appropriate packing technique so as to have a low enough effective radioactivity.The OPERA neutrino oscillation experiment is based on the use of the Emulsion Cloud Chamber (ECC). In the OPERA ECC, nuclear emulsion films acting as very high precision tracking detectors are interleaved with lead plates providing a massive target for neutrino interactions. We report on studies related to the effects occurring from the contact between emulsion and lead. A low radioactivity lead is required in order to minimize the number of background tracks in emulsions and to achieve the required performance in the reconstruction of neutrino events. It was observed that adding other chemical elements to the lead, in order to improve the mechanical properties, may significantly increase the level of radioactivity on the emulsions. A detailed study was made in order to choose a lead alloy with good mechanical properties and an appropriate packing technique so as to have a low enough effective radioactivity.arXiv:0805.0123oai:cds.cern.ch:11025502008-05-02 |
spellingShingle | Detectors and Experimental Techniques Anokhina, A. Aoki, S. Ariga, A. Arrabito, L. Autiero, D. Badertscher, A. Bay, F. Bergnoli, A. Bersani Greggio, F. Besnier, M. Bick, D. Bozza, C. Brugiere, T. Brugnera, R. Brunetti, G. Buontempo, S. Carrara, E. Cazes, A. Chaussard, L. Chernyavsky, M. Chiarella, V. Chon-Sen, N. Chukanov, A. Consiglio, L. Cozzi, M. Dal Corso, F. D'Amato, G. D'Ambrosio, N. De Lellis, G. Declais, Y. De Serio, M. Di Capua, F. Di Ferdinando, D. Di Giovanni, A. Di Marco, N. Di Troia, C. Dmitrievski, S. Dominjon, A. Dracos, M. Duchesneau, D. Dulach, B. Dusini, S. Ebert, J. Egorov, O. Enikeev, R. Ereditato, A. Esposito, L.S. Favier, J. Felici, G. Ferber, T. Fini, R. Franceschi, A. Fukuda, T. Fukushima, C. Galkin, V.I. Galkin, V.A. Garfagnini, A. Giacomelli, G. Giorgini, M. Goellnitz, C. Golubkov, D. Gornoushkin, Y. Grella, G. Grianti, F. Guler, M. Gusev, G. Gustavino, C. Hagner, Caren Hara, T. Hierholzer, M. Hiramatsu, S. Hoshino, Kaoru Ieva, M. Jakovcic, K. Janicsko Csathy, J. Janutta, B. Jollet, C. Juget, F. Kawai, T. Kazuyama, M. Kim, S.H. Kimura, M. Knuesel, J. Kodama, K. Komatsu, M. Kose, U. Kreslo, I. Laktineh, I. Lazzaro, C. Lenkeit, J. Ljubicic, A. Longhin, Andrea Lutter, G. Manai, K. Mandrioli, G. Manzoor, S. Marotta, A. Marteau, J. Matsuoka, H. Mauri, N. Meisel, F. Meregaglia, A. Messina, M. Migliozzi, P. Miyamoto, S. Monacelli, P. Morishima, K. Moser, U. Muciaccia, M.T. Naganawa, N. Naka, T. Nakamura, M. Nakamura, T. Nakano, T. Nikitina, V. Niwa, K. Nonoyama, Y. Ogawa, S. Osedlo, V. Ossetski, D. Paoloni, A. Park, B.D. Park, I.G. Pastore, A. Patrizii, L. Pennacchio, E. Pessard, H. Pistillo, C. Polukhina, N. Pozzato, M. Pretzl, K. Publichenko, P. Pupilli, F. Roganova, T. Rosa, G. Rostovtseva, I. Rubbia, A. Russo, A. Ryazhskaya, O. Ryzhikov, D. Sato, Y. Sato, O. Saveliev, V. Sazhina, G. Schembri, A. Scotto Lavina, L. Shibuya, H. Simone, S. Sioli, M. Sirignano, C. Sirri, G. Song, J.S. Spinetti, M. Stanco, L. Starkov, N. Stipcevic, M. Strauss, T. Strolin, Paolo Emilio Sugonyaev, V. Taira, Y. Takahashi, S. Tenti, M. Terranova, F. Tioukov, V. Togo, V. Tolun, P. Tsarev, V. Tufanli, S. Ushida, N. Valieri, C. Vilain, P. Vladimirov, M. Votano, L. Vuilleumier, J.L. Wilquet, G. Wonsak, B. Wurtz, J. Yoon, C.S. Yoshida, J. Zaitsev, Y. Zemskova, S. Zghiche, A. Zimmermann, R. Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title | Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title_full | Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title_fullStr | Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title_full_unstemmed | Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title_short | Study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the OPERA experiment |
title_sort | study of the effects induced by lead on the emulsion films of the opera experiment |
topic | Detectors and Experimental Techniques |
url | https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/3/07/P07002 http://cds.cern.ch/record/1102550 |
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studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT naganawan studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nakat studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nakamuram studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nakamurat studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nakanot studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nikitinav studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT niwak studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT nonoyamay studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT ogawas studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT osedlov studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT ossetskid studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT paolonia studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT parkbd studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT parkig studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pastorea studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT patriziil studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pennacchioe studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pessardh studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pistilloc studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT polukhinan studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pozzatom studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pretzlk studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT publichenkop studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT pupillif studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT roganovat studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT rosag studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT rostovtsevai studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT rubbiaa studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT russoa studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT ryazhskayao studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT ryzhikovd studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT satoy studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT satoo studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT savelievv studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT sazhinag studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT schembria studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT scottolavinal studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT shibuyah studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT simones studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT siolim studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT sirignanoc studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT sirrig studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT songjs studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT spinettim studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT stancol studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT starkovn studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT stipcevicm studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT strausst studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT strolinpaoloemilio studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT sugonyaevv studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tairay studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT takahashis studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tentim studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT terranovaf studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tioukovv studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT togov studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tolunp studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tsarevv studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT tufanlis studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT ushidan studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT valieric studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT vilainp studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT vladimirovm studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT votanol studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT vuilleumierjl studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT wilquetg studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT wonsakb studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT wurtzj studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT yooncs studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT yoshidaj studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT zaitsevy studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT zemskovas studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT zghichea studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment AT zimmermannr studyoftheeffectsinducedbyleadontheemulsionfilmsoftheoperaexperiment |