The fifth decade of ISOLDE: HIE-ISOLDE. (2/2)

<!--HTML-->The On-Line Isotope Mass Separator ISOLDE is a facility dedicated to the production of a large variety of radioactive ion beams for a great number of different experiments, e.g. in the field of nuclear and atomic physics, solid-state physics, life sciences and material science. At ISOLDE, radioactive nuclides are produced in thick high-temperature targets via spallation, fission or fragmentation reactions. The targets are placed in the external proton beam of the PSB, which has an energy of 1.0 or 1.4 GeV and an intensity of about 2 microA. The target and ion-source together represent a small chemical factory for converting the nuclear reaction products into a radioactive ion beam. An electric field accelerates the ions, which are mass separated and steered to the experiments. Until now more than 600 isotopes of more than 60 elements (Z=2 to 88) have been produced with half-lives down to milliseconds and intensities up to 1011 ions per second. Through the advent of post-accelerated beams with the REX-ISOLDE charge breeder and linear accelerator, probing nuclear properties using transfer reactions and Coulomb excitation of exotic nuclear species is now possible. The neutron time-of-flight facility, nTOF, is a neutron source that has been operating at CERN since 2001 using the 20 GeV proton beam from the Proton Synchrotron PS. The concept of the nTOF neutron beam makes use of both the specifically high flux of neutrons attainable using the spallation process of 20 GeV protons on an extended lead target. The high neutron flux, the low repetition rates and the excellent energy resolution has opened new possibilities to high precision cross section measurements in the energy range from 1 eV to 250 MeV, for stable and, moreover, for radioactive targets. This second lecture will deal with the new possibilities arising from a major upgrade of the facility, called HIE-ISOLDE. This upgrade program will be placed in the context of the international effort to explore the nuclear chart through the use of radioactive ion beams.