Reconstruction of Protons in the TOTEM Roman Pot Detectors at the LHC

The TOTEM experiment at the LHC will measure the total proton-proton cross-section with precision of $1\,\%$, elastic proton scattering over a wide range in momentum transfer $-t\cong p^2\theta^2$ up to 10\,GeV$^2$ and diffractive dissociation, including single, double and central diffraction topologies. The total cross-section will be measured with the luminosity independent method that requires simultaneous measurements of the total inelastic rate and the elastic proton scattering down to squared four-momentum transfers of a few $10^{-3}\,$GeV$^2$, corresponding to leading protons scattered in angles of microradians from the interaction point. This will be achieved using the T1 and T2 telescopes together with the Roman Pot devices. The Roman Pots will be equipped with silicon microstrip detectors of an innovative structure at the detector edge reducing the conventional dead width of 0.5 -- 1\,mm to 50 -- 60\,$\mu$m, compatible with the requirements of the experiment. This dissertation reports on the tracking performance of the Roman Pots in view of the physics programme of TOTEM. Performance tests of the silicon detectors are referred. The multidimensional polynomial model of the LHC optical functions is introduced and the influence of the LHC optics on the proton acceptance and reconstruction resolution is analysed. Finally the thesis presents the simulation and reconstruction software of the Roman Pot detectors in the LHC environment and its application to the studies of the selected TOTEM running scenarios.