Réalisations instrumentales pour le contrôle fonctionnel de l'infrastructure et des détecteurs de l'expérience ATLAS

The European Organization for Nuclear Research or CERN, Geneva, is about to operate the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This accelerator ring and its particles detectors have been built to try to answer to the actual questions given by the particle physics theories. One of these detectors, ATLAS, has been designed, for instance, to validate, or invalidate, the theories on the existence of the Higgs Boson. The operation of the detector and the quality of its data depend on the quality of the detection elements but it depends also strongly on the good monitoring of its environment. In this respect, the developments presented in this document are focused on the control of the infrastructure of the ATLAS detector and on the ALFA detector (Absolute Luminosity For ATLAS) which is designed to provide an absolute measurement of the luminosity of the LHC beam at the ATLAS interaction point. Two projects which are integrated in the Detector Control System (DCS) are presented in the first part of the document: FPIAA (Finding Persons Inside ATLAS Areas) has been developed as a tool for people safety in the experimental cavern during the maintenance periods of ATLAS. It consists in an application for people localization and an active tracking of people in the cavern. A second application has been developed to measure the level of ionizing radiations and the particles fluency in the detector during its operation. These data will be used to eval uate the aging of the elements of the detector in respect with the level of integrated radiations. The work done on the ALFA detector is focused on particle detection technologies and control applications. The photo detection devices which will be used have been evaluated, the hardware of the trigger counter have been studied and optimized. Finally, preliminary developments on the DCS of the ALFA detector will be presented. Software components have been implemented to configure remotely the front-end electronics of the detector and to perform automated calibrations. A high level communication scheme has also been implemented for data exchange between the ALFA DCS and the system which controls the movements of the detector on the LHC beam.