Tracking and Level-1 triggering in the forward region of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer at sLHC

In the endcap region of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer (eta>1) precision tracking and Level-1 triggering are performed by different types of chambers. Monitored Drift Tube chambers (MDT) and Cathode Strip Chambers (CSC) are used for precision tracking, while Thin Gap Chambers (TGC) select high-pT muons and form the Level-1 muon trigger. When by 2018 the LHC peak luminosity of $10^{34}$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ will be increased by a factor of ~ 2 and by another factor of ~2--2.5 in about a decade from now ("SLHC"), an improvement of both systems, precision tracking and Level-1 triggering, will become mandatory in order to cope with the high rate of uncorrelated background hits ("cavern background") and to stay below the maximum trigger rate for the muon system, which is in the range of 10--20 % of the 100 kHz rate, allowed for ATLAS. For the Level-1 trigger of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer this means a tighter selection of high-p$_T$ muons as well as a better rejection of tracks not coming from the primary interaction point (IP). Both requirements, however, can only be fulfilled if spatial resolution and angular pointing accuracy of the trigger chambers, in particular of those in the Inner Station of the endcap, are improved by a large factor. This calls for a complete replacement of the currrently used TGC chambers by a new type of trigger chambers with better performance. In parallel, the precision tracking chambers must be replaced by chambers with higher rate capability to be able to cope with the intense cavern background. In this article we present concepts to decisively improve the Level-1 trigger with newly developed trigger chambers, being characterized by excellent spatial resolution, good time resolution and sufficiently short latency. We also present a new type of MDT precision chamber, designed to maintain excellent tracking efficiency and spatial resolution in the presence of high levels of uncorrelated background hits, as generated by gamma and neutron conversions.