Mesure des corrélations gamma-hadrons et hadrons-hadrons dans les collisions pp à 7 TeV pour l'étude de la fragmentation des jets avec l'expérience ALICE du LHC

The ALICE experiment, which uses the ultra-relativistic heavy-ions collisions produced by the LHC at CERN, is dedicated to the study of a new state of nuclear matter, which could be composed of a Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Among the probes sharing information on the medium properties, those relative to the production of high transverse momentum jets are very interesting. The analysis presented in this thesis is focused on photon-jet events, which contain one photon of high transverse momentum and one jet emitted in the opposite direction. The jet comes from the fragmentation of the initial parton, after passing through the medium. The thesis includes a simulation study of the relevant observables for the photon-hadron correlation measurement and an analysis of first data from LHC in proton-proton collisions. Preliminary results on the transverse momentum of incident partons and on the correlation function have been obtained.