Spectra of atoms and molecules

1. Introduction. 1.1. Waves, Particles, and Units. 1.2. The Electromagnetic Spectrum. 1.3. Interaction of Radiation with Matter. 1.3a. Blackbody Radiation. 1.3b. Einstein A and B Coefficients. 1.3c. Absorption and Emission of Radiation. 1.3d. Beer''s Law. 1.3e. Lineshape Functions. 1.3f. Natural Lifetime Broadening. 1.3g. Pressure Broadening. 1.3h. Doppler Broadening. 1.3i. Transit-Time Broadening. 1.3j. Power Broadening. 2. Molecular Symmetry. 2.1. Symmetry Operations. 2.1a. Operator Algebra. 2.1b. Symmetry Operator Algebra. 2.2. Groups. 2.2a. Point Groups. 2.2b. Classes. 2.2c. Subgroups. 2.3. Notation for Point Groups. 3. Matrix Representation of Groups. 3.1. Vectors and Matrices. 3.1a. Matrix Eigenvalue Problem. 3.1b. Similarity Transformations. 3.2. Symmetry Operations and Position Vectors. 3.2a. Reflection. 3.2b. Rotation. 3.2c. Rotation-Reflection. 3.2d. Inversion. 3.2e. Identity. 3.3. Symmetry Operators and Basic Vectors. 3.4. Symmetry Operators and Basic Functions. 3.4a. Function Spaces. 3.4b. Gram-Schmidt Procedure. 3.4c. Transformation Operators. 3.5. Equivalent, Reducible, and Irreducible Representations. 3.5a. Equivalent Representations. 3.5b. Unitary Representations. 3.5c. Reducible and Irreducible Representations. 3.6. Great Orthogonality Theorem. 3.6a. Characters. 3.7. Character Tables. 3.7a. Mulliken Notation. 4. Quantum Mechanics and Group Theory. 4.1. Matrix Representation of the Schrodinger Equation. 4.2. Born-Oppenheimer Approximation. 4.3. Symmetry of the Hamiltonian Operator. 4.4. Projection Operators. 4.5. Direct Product Representations. 4.6. Integrals and Selection Rules. 5. Atomic Spectroscopy. 5.1. Background. 5.2. Angular Momentum. 5.3. The Hydrogen Atom and One-Electron Spectra. 5.3a. Vector Model. 5.3b. Spin-Orbit Coupling. 5.4. Many-Electron Atoms. 5.5. Selection Rules. 5.6. Atomic Spectra. 5.7. Intensity of Atomic Lines. 5.8. Zeeman Effect. 5.8a. Paschen-Back Effect. 5.9. Stark Effect. 6. Rotational Spectroscopy. 6.1. Rotation of Rigid Bodies. 6.2. Diatomic and Linear Molecules. 6.2a. Selection Rules. 6.2b. Centrifugal Distortion. 6.2c. Vibrational Angular Momentum. 6.3. Line Intensities for Diatomic and Linear Molecules. 6.4. Symmetric Tops. 6.4a. Molecule and Space-Fixed Angular Molecules. 6.4b. Rotational Spectra. 6.4c. Centrifugal Distortion. 6.4d. Line Intensity. 6.5. Asymmetric Tops. 6.5a. Selection Rules. 6.5b. Line Intensity. 6.6. Structure Determination. 7. Vibrational Spectroscopy. 7.1. Diatomic Molecules. 7.1a. Wavefunctions for Harmonic and Anharmonic Oscillators. 7.1b. Vibrational Selection Rules for Diatomics. 7.1c. Dissociation Energies from Spectroscopic Data. 7.1d. Vibrational-Rotation Transitions of Diatomics. 7.1e. Combination Differences. 7.2. Vibrational Motion of Polyatomic Molecules. 7.2a. Classical Mechanical Description. 7.2b. Quantum Mechanical Description. 7.2c. Internal Coordinates. 7.2d. Symmetry Coordinates. 7.2e. Symmetry for Normal Modes. 7.2f. Selection Rules for Vibrational Transitions. 7.2g. Vibration-Rotation Transitions of Linear Molecules. 7.2h. Nuclear Spin Statistics. 7.2i. Excited Vibrational States of Linear Molecules. 7.3. Vibrational Spectra of Symmetric Tops. 7.3a. Coriolis Interactions in Molecules. 7.4. Infrared Transitions of Spherical Tops. 7.5. Vibrational Spectra of Asymmetric Tops. 7.6. Vibrational-Rotation Line Intensities. 7.6a. Line Inensity Calculations. 7.7. Fermi and Coriolis Perturbations. 7.8. Inversion Doubling and Fluxional Behavior. 8. Light Scattering and the Raman Effect. 8.1. Background. 8.1a. Classical Model. 8.1b. Quantum Model. 8.1c. Polarization. 8.2. Rotational Raman Effect. 8.2a. Diatomic Molecules. 8.3. Vibrational-Rotation Raman Spectroscopy. 8.3a. Diatomic Molecules. 8.4. Rayleigh and Raman Intensities. 8.4a. Classical Theory. 8.4b. Vibrational Intensity Calculations. 8.5. Conclusions. 9. Electronic Spectroscopy of Diatomics. 9.1. Orbitals and States. 9.2. Vibrational Structure. 9.3. Rotational Structure of Diatomic Molecules. 9.3a. Singlet-Singlet Transitions. 9.3b. Nonsinglet Transitions. 9.4. The Symmetry of Diatomic Energy Levels: Parity. 9.4a. Total (+/-) Parity. 9.4b. Rotationless (e/f) Parity. 9.4c. Gerade/Ungerade (g/u) Parity. 9.4d. Symmetric/Antisymmetric (s/a) Parity. 9.5. Rotational Line Intensities. 9.6. Dissociation, Photodissociation, and Predissociation. A. Units, Conversions, and Physical Constants. B. Character Tables. C. Direct Product Tables. D. Introductory Textbooks. Figure Acknowledgements. Index