Composite materials: design and applications

PART ONE. PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTIONCOMPOSITE MATERIALS, INTEREST AND PROPERTIESWhat is Composite Material Fibers and MatrixWhat can be Made Using Composite Materials?Typical Examples of Interest on the Use of Composite MaterialsExamples on Replacing Conventional Solutions with CompositesPrincipal Physical PropertiesFABRICATION PROCESSESMolding ProcessesOther Forming ProcessesPractical Hints in the Manufacturing ProcessesPLY PROPERTIESIsotropy and AnisotropyCharacteristics of the Reinforcement-Matrix MixtureUnidirectional PlyWoven FabricsMats and Reinforced MatricesMultidimensional FabricsMetal Matrix CompositesTestsSANDWICH STRUCTURES:What is a Sandwich Structure?Simplified FlexureA Few Special AspectsFabrication and Design ProblemsNondestructive Quality ControlCONCEPTION AND DESIGNDesign of a Composite PieceThe LaminateFailure of LaminatesSizing of LaminatesJOINING AND ASSEMBLYRiveting and BoltingBondingInsertsCOMPOSITE MATERIALS AND AEROSPACE CONSTRUCTIONAircraftHelicoptersPropeller Blades for AirplanesTurbine Blades in CompositesSpace ApplicationsCOMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS:Composite Materials and the Manufacturing of AutomobilesComposites in Naval ConstructionSports and RecreationOther ApplicationsPART TWO: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF LAMINATED MATERIALSANISOTROPIC ELASTIC MEDIA:Review of NotationsOrthotropic MaterialsTransversely Isotropic MaterialsELASTIC CONSTANTS OF UNIDIRECTIONAL COMPOSITES:Longitudinal Modulus Poisson CoefficientTransverse ModulusShear ModulusThermoelastic PropertiesELASTIC CONSTANTS OF A PLY ALONG AN ARBITRARY DIRECTION:Compliance CoefficientsStiffness CoefficientsCase of Thermomechanical LoadingMECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF THIN LAMINATED PLATES:Laminate with Miplane SymmetryLaminate without Miplane SymmetryPART THREE: JUSTIFICATIONS, COMPOSITE BEAMS, THICK PLATESELASTIC COEFFICIENTSElastic Coefficients in an Orthotropic MaterialElastic Coefficients for a Transversely Isotropic MaterialCase of a PlyTHE HILL-TSAI FRACTURE CRITERION:Isotropic Material: Von Mises CriterionOrthotropic Material: Hill-Tsai CriterionEvaluation of the Resistance of a Unidirectional Ply with Respect to the Direction of LoadingCOMPOSITE BEAMS IN FLEXURE:Flexure of Symmetric Beams with Isotropic PhasesThe Case of any Cross Section (Asymmetric)COMPOSITE BEAMS IN TORSION:Uniform TorsionLocation of the Torsion CenterFLEXURE OF THICK COMPOSITE PLATES:Preliminary RemarksDisplacement FieldStrainsConstitutive RelationsEquilibrium EquationsTechnical Formulation for BendingExamplesPART FOUR: APPLICATIONSLEVEL 1Simply Supported Sandwich BeamPoisson Coefficient of a Unidirectional LayerHelicopter BladeTransmission Shaft for TrucksFlywheel in Carbon/EpoxyWing Tip Made of Carbon/EpoxyCarbon Fibers Coated with NickelTube Made of Glass/Epoxy Under PressureFilament Wound Reservoir, Winding AngleFilament Wound Reservoir, Taking into Account the HeadsDetermination of the Volume Fraction of Fibers by PyrolysisLever Arm Made of Carbon/Peek Unidirectionals and Short FibersTelegraphic Mast in Glass/ResinUnidirectional Ply of HR CarbonManipulator Arm of Space ShuttleLEVEL 2Sandwich Beam: Simplified Calculations of the Shear CoefficientProcedure for Calculation of a LaminateKevlar/Epoxy Laminates: Evolution of Stiffness Depending on the Direction of the LoadResidual Thermal Stresses Due to Curing of the LaminateThermoelastic Behavior of a Tube Made of Filament Wound Glass/PolyesterPolymeric Tube Loaded by Thermal Load and CreepFirst Ply Fracture of a Laminate. Ultimate FractureOptimum Laminate for Isotropic Stress StateLaminate Made of Identical Layers of Balanced FabricWing Spar in Carbon/EpoxyDetermination of the Elastic Characteristics of a Carbon/Epoxy Unidirectional Layer from Tensile TestSail Boat Shell in Glass/PolyesterDetermination of the in-Plane Shear Modulus of a Balanced Fabric PlyQuasi-Isotropic LaminateOrthotropic Plate in Pure TorsionPlate made by Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)Thermoelastic Behavior of a Balanced Fabric PlyLEVEL 3Cylindrical BondingDouble Bonded JointComposite Beam with Two LayersBuckling of a Sandwich BeamShear Due to Bending in a Sandwich BeamColumn Made of Stretched PolymerCylindrical Bending of a Thick Orthotropic Plate under Uniform LoadingBending of a Sandwich PlateBending Vibration of a Sandwich BeamAppendix 1: Stresses in the Plies of a Laminate of Carbon/Epoxy Loaded in its PlaneAppendix 2: Buckling of Orthotropic StructuresBibliography