Search for beyond the standard model physics in events with two leptons of the same sign, missing transverse momentum, and jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13~\mathrm{TeV}$

A data sample of events from proton-proton collisions with two isolated same-sign leptons, missing transverse momentum, and jets is studied in a search for signatures of new physics phenomena by the CMS Collaboration at the LHC. The integrated luminosity of the data set is $35.9~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ and the center-of-mass energy of the collisions is $13~\mathrm{TeV}$. The properties of the events are well described by the expectations from the standard model processes. Exclusion limits at $95\%$ confidence level are set on the pair production of gluinos, squarks, and same-sign top quarks, as well as top quark associated production of a heavy scalar or pseudoscalar boson decaying to top quarks, and on the standard model production of events with four top quarks. Additionally, model-independent limits in several topological regions are provided, allowing for further interpretations of the results.