Search for long-lived particles that stop in the CMS detector and decay to muons at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$

A search for long-lived particles that are produced in proton-proton collisions at the CERN LHC, come to rest in the CMS detector, and decay to muons is presented. The decays of stopped particles could be observed during the intervals between LHC beam crossings, at times well separated from any proton-proton collisions. The analysis uses $39~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$ data collected by CMS in 2015 and 2016, during a search interval totaling 744 hours of trigger livetime. The results are interpreted with one model that predicts a long-lived gluino and another model that predicts a long-lived particle that has twice the electron charge and that behaves like a lepton. Cross section limits are set as a function of lifetime and as a function of mass, for lifetimes between 100 ns and 10 days. This is the first search for stopped particles that decay to muons at the LHC.