Optics Design and Performance Aspects of the HE-LHC

The optics design of the High Energy Large Hadron Collider (HE-LHC), a possible successor of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) which aims to reach a centre of mass energy of about 27 TeV, requires a trade off between energy reach, beam stay clear and geometry. In this thesis various designs are studied for the two counter rotating proton beams in order to fulfill best the requirements. Aperture bottlenecks are identified and solutions are proposed. Quadrupole errors present in the arc dipoles and their effect at collision energy are studied. At injection energy combined function arc dipoles and their effect on the beam stay clear is explored. First estimates regarding HE-LHC performance during collision are given. Operational scenarios using different $\beta^{*}$ levelling techniques are used in order to keep the pile-up constant are proposed and compared. A scenario with a constant divergence is proposed.