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HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4
In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top.
2018
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6 http://cds.cern.ch/record/2651305 |
| _version_ | 1780960862081646592 |
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| author | Zimmermann, Frank Benedikt, Michael Capeans Garrido, Mar Cerutti, Francesco Goddard, Brennan Gutleber, Johannes Jimenez, Jose Miguel Mangano, Michelangelo Mertens, Volker Osborne, John Andrew Otto, Thomas Poole, John Riegler, Werner Tavian, Laurent Jean Tommasini, Davide |
| author_facet | Zimmermann, Frank Benedikt, Michael Capeans Garrido, Mar Cerutti, Francesco Goddard, Brennan Gutleber, Johannes Jimenez, Jose Miguel Mangano, Michelangelo Mertens, Volker Osborne, John Andrew Otto, Thomas Poole, John Riegler, Werner Tavian, Laurent Jean Tommasini, Davide |
| author_sort | Zimmermann, Frank |
| collection | CERN |
| description | In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the fourth volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the High-Energy Large Hadron Collider HE-LHC. It summarizes the HE-LHC physics discovery opportunities, presents the HE-LHC accelerator design, performance reach, and operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the HE-LHC design aims at a hadron collider with about twice the centre-of-mass collision energy that the LHC can reach. Its performance aims at exploring physics beyond the Standard Model, significantly extending the LHC’s direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics and discoveries. |
| format | info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
| id | cern-2651305 |
| institution | Organización Europea para la Investigación Nuclear |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. |
| record_format | invenio |
| spelling | cern-26513052022-08-18T06:53:05Z doi:10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6 http://cds.cern.ch/record/2651305 Zimmermann, Frank Benedikt, Michael Capeans Garrido, Mar Cerutti, Francesco Goddard, Brennan Gutleber, Johannes Jimenez, Jose Miguel Mangano, Michelangelo Mertens, Volker Osborne, John Andrew Otto, Thomas Poole, John Riegler, Werner Tavian, Laurent Jean Tommasini, Davide HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 Accelerators and Storage Rings In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the fourth volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the High-Energy Large Hadron Collider HE-LHC. It summarizes the HE-LHC physics discovery opportunities, presents the HE-LHC accelerator design, performance reach, and operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the HE-LHC design aims at a hadron collider with about twice the centre-of-mass collision energy that the LHC can reach. Its performance aims at exploring physics beyond the Standard Model, significantly extending the LHC’s direct and indirect sensitivity to new physics and discoveries. Particle physics has arrived at an important moment of its history. The discovery of the Higgs boson, with a mass of 125 GeV, completes the matrix of particles and interactions that has constituted the “Standard Model” for several decades. This model is a consistent and predictive theory, which has so far proven successful at describing all phenomena accessible to collider experiments. However, several experimental facts do require the extension of the Standard Model and explanations are needed for observations such as the abundance of matter over antimatter, the striking evidence for dark matter and the non-zero neutrino masses. Theoretical issues such as the hierarchy problem, and, more in general, the dynamical origin of the Higgs mechanism, do likewise point to the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model. This report contains the description of a novel research infrastructure based on a high-energy hadron collider, which extends the current energy frontier by almost a factor 2 (27 TeV collision energy) and an integrated luminosity of at least a factor of 3 larger than the HL-LHC. In connection with four experimental detectors, this infrastructure will deepen our understanding of the origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking, allow a first measurement of the Higgs self-coupling, double the HL-LHC discovery reach and allow for in-depth studies of new physics signals arising from future LHC measurements. This collider would directly produce particles at significant rates at scales up to 12 TeV. The project re-uses the existing LHC underground infrastructure and large parts of the injector chain at CERN. This particle collider would succeed the HL-LHC directly and serve the world-wide physics community for about 20 years beyond the middle of the 21st century. The European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update 2013 stated “To stay at the forefront of particle physics, Europe needs to be in a position to propose an ambitious post-LHC accelerator project at CERN by the time of the next Strategy update”. The FCC study has implemented the ESPP recommendation by developing a vision for an “accelerator project in a global context”. This document describes the detailed design and preparation of a construction project for a post-LHC circular high-energy hadron collider “in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide”, and enhanced by a strong participation of industrial partners. Now, a coordinated preparation effort can be based on a core of an ever-growing consortium of already more than 135 institutes worldwide. The technology for constructing a High-Energy LHC can be brought to the technology readiness level required for construction within the coming ten years through a committed and focused R&D programme. The concept comprises a power-saving, low-temperature superconducting magnet system based on an evolution of the Nb3Sn technology pioneered at the HL-LHC, an energy-efficient cryogenic refrigeration infrastructure based on a neon-helium (Nelium) light gas mixture, a high-reliability and low loss cryogen distribution infrastructure based on Invar, high-power distributed beam transfer using superconducting elements and local magnet energy recovery and re-use technologies that are already gradually introduced at other CERN accelerators. Re-use of the LHC underground civil infrastructure worth about 500 million CHF at the time of its construction, extension of the surface sites and use of the existing injector chain that also serve for a concurrently running physics programme are levers to come to a sustainable research infrastructure at the energy frontier. Strategic R&D for HE-LHC aims at minimising construction cost and energy consumption, while maximising the socio-economic impact. It needs to mitigate technology-related risks and ensure that industry can benefit from an acceptable economic utility. Concerning the implementation, a preparatory phase of about eight years is both necessary and adequate to establish the project governance and organisation structures, to build the international machine and experiment consortia, to develop a territorial implantation plan considering the constraints emerging from using the existing infrastructure and the host states’ requirements, optimising the use of land, resources and preparing the construction project. Such a large-scale, international fundamental research infrastructure, tightly involving industrial partners and providing training at all education levels, will be a strong motor of economic and societal development in all participating nations. The FCC study has implemented a set of actions towards a coherent vision for the world-wide high-energy and particle physics community, providing a collaborative framework for topically complementary and geographically well-balanced contributions. This conceptual design report lays the foundation for a subsequent infrastructure preparatory and technical design phase. info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/312453 info:eu-repo/semantics/ Education Level info:eu-repo/semantics/article http://cds.cern.ch/record/2651305 Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top., (2019) pp. 1109-1382 2018-12-18 |
| spellingShingle | Accelerators and Storage Rings Zimmermann, Frank Benedikt, Michael Capeans Garrido, Mar Cerutti, Francesco Goddard, Brennan Gutleber, Johannes Jimenez, Jose Miguel Mangano, Michelangelo Mertens, Volker Osborne, John Andrew Otto, Thomas Poole, John Riegler, Werner Tavian, Laurent Jean Tommasini, Davide HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title | HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title_full | HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title_fullStr | HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title_full_unstemmed | HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title_short | HE-LHC: The High-Energy Large Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 4 |
| title_sort | he-lhc: the high-energy large hadron collider: future circular collider conceptual design report volume 4 |
| topic | Accelerators and Storage Rings |
| url | https://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900088-6 http://cds.cern.ch/record/2651305 http://cds.cern.ch/record/2651305 |
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