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Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting

In gauge theories and gravity, field variables are generally not gauge-invariant observables, but such observables may be constructed by “dressing” these or more general operators. Dressed operators create particles, together with their gauge or gravitational fields which typically extend to infinit...

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Autor principal: Giddings, Steven B.
Lenguaje:eng
Publicado: 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126001
http://cds.cern.ch/record/2669548
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author Giddings, Steven B.
author_facet Giddings, Steven B.
author_sort Giddings, Steven B.
collection CERN
description In gauge theories and gravity, field variables are generally not gauge-invariant observables, but such observables may be constructed by “dressing” these or more general operators. Dressed operators create particles, together with their gauge or gravitational fields which typically extend to infinity. This raises an important question of how well quantum information can be localized; one version of this is the question of whether soft charges fully characterize a given localized charge or matter distribution. This paper finds expressions for the nontrivial soft charges of such dressed operators. However, a large amount of flexibility in the dressing indicates that the soft charges, and other asymptotic observables, are not inherently correlated with details of the charge or matter distribution. Instead, these asymptotic observables can be changed by adding a general radiative (source-free) field configuration to the original one. A dressing can be chosen, perturbatively, so that the asymptotic observables are independent of details of the distribution, besides its total electric or Poincaré charges. This provides an approach to describing localization of information in gauge theories or gravity, and thus subsystems, that avoids problems associated with nonlocality of operator subalgebras. Specifically, this construction suggests the notions of electromagnetic or gravitational splittings, which involve networks of Hilbert space embeddings in which the charges play an important role.
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spelling cern-26695482023-10-04T06:29:25Zdoi:10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126001http://cds.cern.ch/record/2669548engGiddings, Steven B.Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splittinghep-thParticle Physics - Theoryquant-phGeneral Theoretical Physicsgr-qcGeneral Relativity and CosmologyIn gauge theories and gravity, field variables are generally not gauge-invariant observables, but such observables may be constructed by “dressing” these or more general operators. Dressed operators create particles, together with their gauge or gravitational fields which typically extend to infinity. This raises an important question of how well quantum information can be localized; one version of this is the question of whether soft charges fully characterize a given localized charge or matter distribution. This paper finds expressions for the nontrivial soft charges of such dressed operators. However, a large amount of flexibility in the dressing indicates that the soft charges, and other asymptotic observables, are not inherently correlated with details of the charge or matter distribution. Instead, these asymptotic observables can be changed by adding a general radiative (source-free) field configuration to the original one. A dressing can be chosen, perturbatively, so that the asymptotic observables are independent of details of the distribution, besides its total electric or Poincaré charges. This provides an approach to describing localization of information in gauge theories or gravity, and thus subsystems, that avoids problems associated with nonlocality of operator subalgebras. Specifically, this construction suggests the notions of electromagnetic or gravitational splittings, which involve networks of Hilbert space embeddings in which the charges play an important role.In gauge theories and gravity, field variables are generally not gauge-invariant observables, but such observables may be constructed by "dressing" these or more general operators. Dressed operators create particles, together with their gauge or gravitational fields which typically extend to infinity. This raises an important question of how well quantum information can be localized; one version of this is the question of whether soft charges fully characterize a given localized charge or matter distribution. This paper finds expressions for the non-trivial soft charges of such dressed operators. However, a large amount of flexibility in the dressing indicates that the soft charges, and other asymptotic observables, are not inherently correlated with details of the charge or matter distribution. Instead, these asymptotic observables can be changed by adding a general radiative (source-free) field configuration to the original one. A dressing can be chosen, perturbatively, so that the asymptotic observables are independent of details of the distribution, besides its total electric or Poincar\'e charges. This provides an approach to describing localization of information in gauge theories or gravity, and thus subsystems, that avoids problems associated with nonlocality of operator subalgebras. Specifically, this construction suggests the notions of electromagnetic or gravitational splittings, which involve networks of Hilbert space embeddings in which the charges play an important role.arXiv:1903.06160CERN-TH-2019-074oai:cds.cern.ch:26695482019-03-14
spellingShingle hep-th
Particle Physics - Theory
quant-ph
General Theoretical Physics
gr-qc
General Relativity and Cosmology
Giddings, Steven B.
Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title_full Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title_fullStr Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title_full_unstemmed Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title_short Gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
title_sort gravitational dressing, soft charges, and perturbative gravitational splitting
topic hep-th
Particle Physics - Theory
quant-ph
General Theoretical Physics
gr-qc
General Relativity and Cosmology
url https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.126001
http://cds.cern.ch/record/2669548
work_keys_str_mv AT giddingsstevenb gravitationaldressingsoftchargesandperturbativegravitationalsplitting