Evidence of Odderon-exchange from scaling properties of elastic scattering at TeV energies

We study the scaling properties of the differential cross section of elastic proton–proton (pp) and proton–antiproton ($p\bar{p}$) collisions at high energies. We introduce a new scaling function, that scales – within the experimental errors – all the ISR data on elastic pp scattering from $\sqrt{s} = 23.5$–62.5 GeV to the same universal curve. We explore the scaling properties of the differential cross-sections of the elastic pp and $p\bar{p}$ collisions in a limited TeV energy range. Rescaling the TOTEM pp data from $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV to 2.76 and 1.96 TeV, and comparing it to D0 $p\bar{p}$ data at 1.96 TeV, our results provide an evidence for a t-channel Odderon exchange at TeV energies, with a significance of at least 6.26$\sigma $. We complete this work with a model-dependent evaluation of the domain of validity of the new scaling and its violations. We find that the H(x) scaling is valid, model dependently, within $200~\hbox {GeV}\le \sqrt{s} \le 8$ TeV, with a $-t$ range gradually narrowing with decreasing colliding energies.