HGCROC radiation hardness testing

Europe’s top priority should be the exploitation of the full potential of the LHC, including the high-luminosity upgrade of the machine and detectors with a view to collecting ten times more data than in the initial design, by around 2030 [1]. The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) operational phase is scheduled to commence in the last quarter of 2026. The luminosity will increase by a factor of ten. The instantaneous luminosity will be more or less constant(levelled) at 5*10^34 1/cm^2*1/s. The corresponding number of collisions (pileup) per bunch crossing will be 140-200 [2]. So pileup will increase by a factor of ten compared to CMS Run 1. The existing CMS endcap calorimeter cannot cope with expected radiation and any replacement for it must have the ability to withstand integrated radiation levels that are ten times higher than anticipated in the original CMS design. Simulations using FLUKA indicates that the highest fluence is around 10^16 neq/cm^2 and the highest dose is around 2 MGy. Of course, the electronics must work in such conditions throughout the lifetime of the detector. This was the scope of my project.