Recent CMS results in conventional and exotic hadron spectroscopy

The present report summarizes recent CMS results in conventional and exotic hadron spectroscopy, obtained using the data collected at the Large Hadron Collider during the Run-2 data taking (2015-2018) either with proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$~TeV or lead-lead collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02~TeV per nucleon pair. The results include the first observation of the $B_s^0 \rightarrow X(3872)\phi$ decay mode, evidence of X(3872) production in lead-lead collisions, a search for intermediate resonances in the $B^0 \rightarrow \psi(2S)K_s^0\pi^+\pi^-$ multi-body decay, and the observation of $\Lambda_b^{**}$ and $\Xi_b^{**}$ excited states.