Search for new physics using top quark pairs produced in associated with a boosted Z or Higgs boson in effective field theory

A data sample containing top quark pairs produced in association with a boosted Z or Higgs boson is used to search for signs of new physics. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of $138~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions produced at a center-of-mass energy of $13~\mathrm{TeV}$ at the LHC and collected by the CMS experiment. Selected collision events contain a single lepton and hadronic jets, including two identified with the decay of bottom quarks, plus an additional large-radius jet with high transverse momentum identified as a Z or Higgs boson candidate decaying to a bottom quark pair. Machine learning techniques are employed to discriminate between $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z}$ or $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}$ events and events from background processes, which are dominated by $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}+\mbox{jets}$ production. The signal strengths of boosted $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z}$ and $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}$ processes are measured, and upper limits are placed on the $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{Z}$ and $\mathrm{t}\bar{\mathrm{t}}\mathrm{H}$ differential cross sections as functions of the Z or Higgs boson transverse momentum. In addition, effects of physics beyond the standard model are probed using a framework in which the standard model is considered to be the low-energy effective field theory of a higher-scale theory. Eight possible dimension-six operators are added to the standard model Lagrangian and their corresponding coefficients are constrained via a fit to the data.