Search for supersymmetry in final states with a single electron or muon using angular correlations and heavy object tagging in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$

A search for supersymmetry is presented in events with a single charged lepton (electron or muon) and multiple hadronic jets. The data correspond to a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~\mathrm{TeV}$ with an integrated luminosity of $138~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search targets gluino pair production, where the gluinos decay into the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and either a top quark-antiquark pair, or a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a $\mathrm{W}$ boson. Depending on the targeted scenario, some of the jets are required to be identified as originating from $\mathrm{b}$ quarks. The main backgrounds, top quark pair production and $\mathrm{W}$+jets production, are suppressed by requirements on the azimuthal angle between the lepton momentum and the reconstructed leptonic $\mathrm{W}$ boson candidate, and by top quark and $\mathrm{W}$ boson tagging based on a machine-learning technique. A number of exclusive search regions are defined according to the number of jets and several kinematic variables. The number of observed events is consistent with the expectations from standard model processes, and the results are used to set limits on supersymmetric particle masses in the context of two simplified models of gluino pair production. Exclusions for gluino masses reach up to $2130$ ($2280$)$~\mathrm{GeV}$ at $95\%$ confidence level for a model with gluino decay to a top quark-antiquark pair (a light-flavor quark-antiquark pair and a $\mathrm{W}$ boson) and the LSP. For the same models, limits on the mass of the LSP reach up to $1270$ ($1220$)$~\mathrm{GeV}$.