The CMS High Granularity Calorimeter for the High Luminosity LHC

The CMS Collaboration is preparing to build replacement endcap calorimeters for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era. The new high-granularity calorimeter (HGCAL) is, as the name implies, a highly granular sampling calorimeter with approximately six million silicon sensor channels ($\approx 1.1~\mathrm{cm^2}$ or $0.5~\mathrm{cm^2}$ cells) and about four hundred thousand scintillator tiles readout with on-tile silicon photomultipliers. The calorimeter is designed to operate in the harsh radiation environment at the HL-LHC, where the average number of interactions per bunch crossing is expected to exceed 140. Besides measuring energy and position of the energy deposits the electronics is also designed to measure the time of their arrival with a precision on the order of 50 ps. In addition to the hardware of the HGCAL, developing a reconstruction sequence that fully exploits the granularity to achieve optimal electromagnetic and hadron identification, as well as a good energy resolution in the presence of pileup, is a challenging task.