Constraining Hadronization Processes with Charm Baryons in \(pp\) and \(p\)–Pb Collisions with ALICE

In this contribution, we present the latest measurements of D0, D+, and D+ s mesons together with the final measurements of Λ+c , Ξ0,+ c , Σ0,++ c , and the first measurement of Ω0 c baryons performed with the ALICE detector at midrapidity in pp collisions at √ s = 5.02 and √ s = 13 TeV. Recent measurements of charm-baryon production at midrapidity in small systems show a baryon-to-meson ratio significantly higher than that in e+e− and e−p collisions, suggesting that the fragmentation of charm is not universal across different collision systems. Thus, measurements of charm-baryon production are crucial to study the charm-quark hadronization in a partonrich environment like the one produced in pp collisions at the LHC energies. Furthermore, the recent Λ+c /D0 yield ratio, measured down to pT = 0 in p–Pb collisions will be discussed. The measurement of charm baryons in p-nucleus collisions provides important information about a possible additional modification of hadronization mechanisms, on cold nuclear matter effects, and on the possible presence of collective effects that could modify the production of heavy-flavour hadrons. Finally, the first measurements of charm fragmentation fractions and charm production cross section at midrapidity per unit of rapidity will be shown for pp and p–Pb collisions using all measured single-charm ground-state hadrons.