Testing factorization of charmonium production

Within the NRQCD factorization approach the production of heavy quarkonia can be calculated in perturbative QCD in terms of a few production-process-independent NRQCD matrix elements. We test the universality of these long-distance matrix elements by comparing their values as determined from charmonium production at p pbar, e p, and e+ e- colliders, and in Z^0, Upsilon, and B decays.