Measurements on Pb27+ Sources for the CERN Heavy Ion Injection Chain

CERN, the world's largest particle physics laboratory near Geneva, is currently in the process of building the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Lead-208 will be used in this accelerator and to meet the injection requirements much work is required to find a suitable and reliable heavy ion source. The work in this report covers two ion sources, the Laser Ion Source (LIS), and the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS). An emittance measurement, using a pepper pot and CCD camera, was completed on the recently re-installed LIS, measured and analysed to be 140mm.mrad un-normalised and 0.8mm.mrad normalised 4rms for the maximum intensity charge state, Pb27+. A Visual Basic Program was modified to allow Charge State Distribution (CSD) and other scans of the ECRIS at CERN to be taken. Chapter 5 presents the results of the CSD scans taken. This program provided a new method to take 1 dimensional transverse beam profiles. From this a direct emittance measurement was formed for the first time since the source was on the test bench. This showed the charge state Pb27+ extracted from the source to have 4rms emittance 100mm.mrad un-normalised. This experiment was repeated while the source was providing Indium21+ during the summer of 2003, and the emittance recorded as 125mm.mrad. A 2 dimensional beam profile of the ECRIS is required and in Chapter 7 is a preliminary test to determine the lifetimes of two different types of beam screen. A lifetime was not determined for the Phosphor-47 coated metal plate, due to charge build-up on the surface. A Schott Glass plate, coated with layer of Aluminium of thickness 50nm, was calculated to have a lifetime of 50 minutes when placed after the ECRIS