Latest Developments in Cryogenics at CERN

The use of cryogenics has started at CERN in the 1960s for cooling high energy physics detectors requiring low temperature technologies to achieve the desired performances. From the 1980s onwards, cryogenics has also been used in CERN accelerators for cooling superconducting accelerating cavities and high field magnets. Today, cryogenics is largely used in the LHC project under construction at CERN for cooling the 27 km magnet ring which requires the largest 1.8 K helium refrigeration and distribution systems in the world as well as its two largest detectors (ATLAS and CMS), which incorporate a variety of cryogenic equipment. In addition, cryogenics is used for cooling specific experiments not related to the LHC complex. After a brief historical review, the present status and latest developments in cryogenics at CERN are reviewed.