CAS - CERN Accelerator School : Vacuum in Accelerators: Platja d'Aro, Spain 16 - 24 May 2006

These proceedings present the lectures given at the twentieth specialized course organized by the CERN Accelerator School (CAS), the topic being Vacuum in Accelerators. The course was held in Platja d’Aro, Spain, from 16 to 24 May 2006. A similar course took place in Snekersten, Denmark, in 1999, with proceedings published as CERN 99-05. After an interval of seven years, the aim of this course was to present a review of the actual state of the art and to highlight the latest developments in the field. The lectures start with a general overview of vacuum, accelerators and cryogenics followed by a more detailed review of the basic principles concerning thermal and non-thermal outgassing. More specialized lectures are then proposed on gas dynamics, on the interaction of energetic particles with matter, and on beam–gas collisions. The production and measurement of vacuum is addressed in subsequent lectures on pumps and vacuum gauges which present a detailed view of the materials currently used in accelerators. The next part of the course is dedicated to the construction and operation of vacuum systems: design rules, leak detection, sealing, cleaning, and materials. Finally, lectures of general interest are presented on topics like industrial application of vacuum, history of vacuum, cold vacuum systems, ITER, and future challenges for extremely high vacuum and accelerators.