Charm, bottom, and quarkonia cross sections for double and triple-parton scatterings in high-energy proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions

The framework to compute the cross sections for the productionof particles with high mass and/or large transverse momentum in double-(DPS), triple- (TPS), and in general n-parton scatterings from thecorresponding single-parton ($\sigma_{\rm SPS} $) values in high-energy proton and nuclear collisions is reviewed. The basic parameter of the factorized n-parton scatteringansatz is an effective cross section $\sigma_{\rm eff}$ encoding all unknowns about theunderlying generalized n-parton distribution in the proton (nucleon). Inits simplest and most economical form, the $\sigma_{\rm eff}$ parameter can be derivedfrom the transverse parton profile of the colliding protons and/ornucleus, using a Glauber approach. Numerical examples for the cross sections andyields expected for the concurrent DPS or TPS production of heavy-quarks,quarkonia, and/or gauge bosons in proton and nuclear collisions at LHCand Future Circular Collider (FCC) energies are provided. The obtainedcross sections are based on perturbative QCD predictions for $\sigma_{\rm SPS}$ atnext-to-leading-order (NLO) or next-to-NLO (NNLO) accuracy including,when needed, nuclear modifications of the corresponding parton densities.