The CMS High Granularity Calorimeter for High Luminosity LHC

The CMS experiment at CERN will undergo significant improvements during the Phase-II Upgrade to operate with a 10-fold increase in luminosity and the associated event pileup of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The forward calorimetry will be exposed to very high radiation levels and the CMS collaboration is designing a new calorimeter, the High Granularity Calorimeter (CE), to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. It will have higher transverse and longitudinal segmentation for both electromagnetic (CE-E) and hadronic (CE-H) sections to facilitate particle-flow reconstruction. The fine structure of showers can be measured and used to enhance particle identification, whilst still achieving good energy resolution. The CE-E, and a large fraction of CE-H, will be based on hexagonal silicon sensors produced from 8-inch wafers, each with several hundreds of individual cells of 0.5 – 1 cm$^2$ cell size. The remainder of the CE-H will be based on highly-segmented scintillators read out with SiPMs. The overview of the CE project presented in this paper is focused on the silicon sensors covering motivation, engineering design, expected performance and the current status of prototypes, from lab measurements to beam tests.