Chapter 18: Controls technologies

By the time of the commissioning and subsequent operation of the HL-LHC, many of the physical elements of the control system will have been upgraded due to obsolescence. This applies particularly to the front and back end CPUs and storage. It is not, however, foreseen that the overall control system strategy and architecture will change in its conceptual structure during this period, and many parts of the current controls infrastructure will still be sufficient for the HL-LHC needs. Nevertheless, three areas have been identified as having to be addressed so that the control system can respond to the new challenges presented by the HL-LHC upgrade project.