Lessons Learned for Pre-Emptive Capture Management as a Tool for Wildlife Conservation during Oil Spills and Eradication Events

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Pre-emptive capture or translocation of wildlife during oil spills and prior to pest eradication poison applications have very specific conservation goals to ensure the survival of a threatened regional population or species. This paper reviews reports from pre-emptive captures and translocations of threatened wildlife undertaken during past oil spills and island pest eradications. Species captured, techniques used, outcomes of responses, and lessons learned were assessed and recommendations for the planning and trials needed for future pre-emptive capture operations are described. This paper aims to learn from the past to encourage better use and preparedness for pre-emptive capture as a preventative wildlife conservation tool in the future. ABSTRACT: Pre-emptive capture or translocation of wildlife during oil spills and prior to pest eradication poison applications are very specific conservation goals within the field of conservation translocation/reintroduction. Protection of wildlife from contamination events occurs during either planned operations such as pest eradication poison applications, or unplanned events such as pollution or oil spills. The aim in both incidences is to protect at-risk wildlife species, ensuring the survival of a threatened regional population or entire species, by excluding wildlife from entering affected areas and therefore preventing impacts on the protected wildlife. If pre-emptive capture does not occur, wildlife may unintentionally be affected and could either die or will need capture, cleaning, and/or medical care and rehabilitation before being released back into a cleared environment. This paper reviews information from pre-emptive captures and translocations of threatened wildlife undertaken during past oil spills and island pest eradications, to assess criteria for species captured, techniques used, outcomes of responses, and lessons learned. From these case studies, the considerations and planning needs for pre-emptive capture are described and recommendations made to allow better use and preparedness for pre-emptive capture as a preventative wildlife conservation tool.