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Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta
Soil salinization is one of the most compelling environmental problems on a global scale. Fungi play a crucial role in promoting plant growth, enhancing salt tolerance, and inducing disease resistance. Moreover, microorganisms decompose organic matter to release carbon dioxide, and soil fungi also u...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901198 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054190 |
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author | Ji, Linhui Xin, Yu Guo, Dufa |
author_facet | Ji, Linhui Xin, Yu Guo, Dufa |
author_sort | Ji, Linhui |
collection | PubMed |
description | Soil salinization is one of the most compelling environmental problems on a global scale. Fungi play a crucial role in promoting plant growth, enhancing salt tolerance, and inducing disease resistance. Moreover, microorganisms decompose organic matter to release carbon dioxide, and soil fungi also use plant carbon as a nutrient and participate in the soil carbon cycle. Therefore, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the characteristics of the structures of soil fungal communities under different salinity gradients and whether the fungal communities influence CO(2) emissions in the Yellow River Delta; we then combined this with molecular ecological networks to reveal the mechanisms by which fungi adapt to salt stress. In the Yellow River Delta, a total of 192 fungal genera belonging to eight phyla were identified, with Ascomycota dominating the fungal community. Soil salinity was the dominant factor affecting the number of OTUs, Chao1 index, and ACE index of the fungal communities, with correlation coefficients of −0.66, 0.61, and −0.60, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, the fungal richness indices (Chao1 and ACE) and OTUs increased with the increase in soil salinity. Chaetomium, Fusarium, Mortierella, Alternaria, and Malassezia were the dominant fungal groups, leading to the differences in the structures of fungal communities under different salinity gradients. Electrical conductivity, temperature, available phosphorus, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, and clay had a significant impact on the fungal community structure (p < 0.05). Electrical conductivity had the greatest influence and was the dominant factor that led to the difference in the distribution patterns of fungal communities under different salinity gradients (p < 0.05). The node quantity, edge quantity, and modularity coefficients of the networks increased with the salinity gradient. The Ascomycota occupied an important position in the saline soil environment and played a key role in maintaining the stability of the fungal community. Soil salinity decreases soil fungal diversity (estimate: −0.58, p < 0.05), and soil environmental factors also affect CO(2) emissions by influencing fungal communities. These results highlight soil salinity as a key environmental factor influencing fungal communities. Furthermore, the significant role of fungi in influencing CO(2) cycling in the Yellow River Delta, especially in the environmental context of salinization, should be further investigated in the future. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10001496 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100014962023-03-11 Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta Ji, Linhui Xin, Yu Guo, Dufa Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Soil salinization is one of the most compelling environmental problems on a global scale. Fungi play a crucial role in promoting plant growth, enhancing salt tolerance, and inducing disease resistance. Moreover, microorganisms decompose organic matter to release carbon dioxide, and soil fungi also use plant carbon as a nutrient and participate in the soil carbon cycle. Therefore, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to explore the characteristics of the structures of soil fungal communities under different salinity gradients and whether the fungal communities influence CO(2) emissions in the Yellow River Delta; we then combined this with molecular ecological networks to reveal the mechanisms by which fungi adapt to salt stress. In the Yellow River Delta, a total of 192 fungal genera belonging to eight phyla were identified, with Ascomycota dominating the fungal community. Soil salinity was the dominant factor affecting the number of OTUs, Chao1 index, and ACE index of the fungal communities, with correlation coefficients of −0.66, 0.61, and −0.60, respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, the fungal richness indices (Chao1 and ACE) and OTUs increased with the increase in soil salinity. Chaetomium, Fusarium, Mortierella, Alternaria, and Malassezia were the dominant fungal groups, leading to the differences in the structures of fungal communities under different salinity gradients. Electrical conductivity, temperature, available phosphorus, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, and clay had a significant impact on the fungal community structure (p < 0.05). Electrical conductivity had the greatest influence and was the dominant factor that led to the difference in the distribution patterns of fungal communities under different salinity gradients (p < 0.05). The node quantity, edge quantity, and modularity coefficients of the networks increased with the salinity gradient. The Ascomycota occupied an important position in the saline soil environment and played a key role in maintaining the stability of the fungal community. Soil salinity decreases soil fungal diversity (estimate: −0.58, p < 0.05), and soil environmental factors also affect CO(2) emissions by influencing fungal communities. These results highlight soil salinity as a key environmental factor influencing fungal communities. Furthermore, the significant role of fungi in influencing CO(2) cycling in the Yellow River Delta, especially in the environmental context of salinization, should be further investigated in the future. MDPI 2023-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10001496/ /pubmed/36901198 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054190 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ji, Linhui Xin, Yu Guo, Dufa Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title_full | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title_fullStr | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title_full_unstemmed | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title_short | Soil Fungal Community Structure and Its Effect on CO(2) Emissions in the Yellow River Delta |
title_sort | soil fungal community structure and its effect on co(2) emissions in the yellow river delta |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001496/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901198 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054190 |
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