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Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study

The evaluation of performance validity is an essential part of any neuropsychological evaluation. Validity indicators embedded in routine neuropsychological tests offer a time-efficient option for sampling performance validity throughout the assessment while reducing vulnerability to coaching. By ad...

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Autores principales: Becke, Miriam, Tucha, Lara, Butzbach, Marah, Aschenbrenner, Steffen, Weisbrod, Matthias, Tucha, Oliver, Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901080
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054070
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author Becke, Miriam
Tucha, Lara
Butzbach, Marah
Aschenbrenner, Steffen
Weisbrod, Matthias
Tucha, Oliver
Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.
author_facet Becke, Miriam
Tucha, Lara
Butzbach, Marah
Aschenbrenner, Steffen
Weisbrod, Matthias
Tucha, Oliver
Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.
author_sort Becke, Miriam
collection PubMed
description The evaluation of performance validity is an essential part of any neuropsychological evaluation. Validity indicators embedded in routine neuropsychological tests offer a time-efficient option for sampling performance validity throughout the assessment while reducing vulnerability to coaching. By administering a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to 57 adults with ADHD, 60 neurotypical controls, and 151 instructed simulators, we examined each test’s utility in detecting noncredible performance. Cut-off scores were derived for all available outcome variables. Although all ensured at least 90% specificity in the ADHD Group, sensitivity differed significantly between tests, ranging from 0% to 64.9%. Tests of selective attention, vigilance, and inhibition were most useful in detecting the instructed simulation of adult ADHD, whereas figural fluency and task switching lacked sensitivity. Five or more test variables demonstrating results in the second to fourth percentile were rare among cases of genuine adult ADHD but identified approximately 58% of instructed simulators.
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spelling pubmed-100015802023-03-11 Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study Becke, Miriam Tucha, Lara Butzbach, Marah Aschenbrenner, Steffen Weisbrod, Matthias Tucha, Oliver Fuermaier, Anselm B. M. Int J Environ Res Public Health Article The evaluation of performance validity is an essential part of any neuropsychological evaluation. Validity indicators embedded in routine neuropsychological tests offer a time-efficient option for sampling performance validity throughout the assessment while reducing vulnerability to coaching. By administering a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery to 57 adults with ADHD, 60 neurotypical controls, and 151 instructed simulators, we examined each test’s utility in detecting noncredible performance. Cut-off scores were derived for all available outcome variables. Although all ensured at least 90% specificity in the ADHD Group, sensitivity differed significantly between tests, ranging from 0% to 64.9%. Tests of selective attention, vigilance, and inhibition were most useful in detecting the instructed simulation of adult ADHD, whereas figural fluency and task switching lacked sensitivity. Five or more test variables demonstrating results in the second to fourth percentile were rare among cases of genuine adult ADHD but identified approximately 58% of instructed simulators. MDPI 2023-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10001580/ /pubmed/36901080 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054070 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Becke, Miriam
Tucha, Lara
Butzbach, Marah
Aschenbrenner, Steffen
Weisbrod, Matthias
Tucha, Oliver
Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.
Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title_full Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title_fullStr Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title_full_unstemmed Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title_short Feigning Adult ADHD on a Comprehensive Neuropsychological Test Battery: An Analogue Study
title_sort feigning adult adhd on a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery: an analogue study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001580/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901080
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054070
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