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5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk?
Rapidly growing worldwide, 5G service is expected to deeply change the way we communicate, connect and share data. It encompasses the whole spectrum of new technology, infrastructure and mobile connectivity, and will touch not only every sector in the industry, but also many aspects of our everyday...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054512 |
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author | Vivarelli, Cecilia Censi, Federica Calcagnini, Giovanni De Ruvo, Ermenegildo Calò, Leonardo Mattei, Eugenio |
author_facet | Vivarelli, Cecilia Censi, Federica Calcagnini, Giovanni De Ruvo, Ermenegildo Calò, Leonardo Mattei, Eugenio |
author_sort | Vivarelli, Cecilia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Rapidly growing worldwide, 5G service is expected to deeply change the way we communicate, connect and share data. It encompasses the whole spectrum of new technology, infrastructure and mobile connectivity, and will touch not only every sector in the industry, but also many aspects of our everyday life. Although the compliance with international regulations provides reasonable protection to public health and safety, there might be specific issues not fully covered by the current technical standards. Among the aspects that shall be carefully considered, there is the potential interference that can be induced on medical devices, and in particular on implantable medical devices that are critical for the patient’s life, such as pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. This study aims to assess the actual risk that 5G communication systems pose to pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. The setup proposed by the ISO 14117 standard was adapted to include 5G characteristic frequencies of 700 MHz and 3.6 GHz. A total number of 384 tests were conducted. Among them, 43 EMI events were observed. Collected results reveal that RF hand-held transmitters operating in these two frequency bands do not pose additional risk compared to pre-5G bands and that the safety distance of 15 cm typically indicted by the PM/ICD manufacturer is still able to guarantee the patient’s safety. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10001652 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100016522023-03-11 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? Vivarelli, Cecilia Censi, Federica Calcagnini, Giovanni De Ruvo, Ermenegildo Calò, Leonardo Mattei, Eugenio Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Rapidly growing worldwide, 5G service is expected to deeply change the way we communicate, connect and share data. It encompasses the whole spectrum of new technology, infrastructure and mobile connectivity, and will touch not only every sector in the industry, but also many aspects of our everyday life. Although the compliance with international regulations provides reasonable protection to public health and safety, there might be specific issues not fully covered by the current technical standards. Among the aspects that shall be carefully considered, there is the potential interference that can be induced on medical devices, and in particular on implantable medical devices that are critical for the patient’s life, such as pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. This study aims to assess the actual risk that 5G communication systems pose to pacemakers and implantable defibrillators. The setup proposed by the ISO 14117 standard was adapted to include 5G characteristic frequencies of 700 MHz and 3.6 GHz. A total number of 384 tests were conducted. Among them, 43 EMI events were observed. Collected results reveal that RF hand-held transmitters operating in these two frequency bands do not pose additional risk compared to pre-5G bands and that the safety distance of 15 cm typically indicted by the PM/ICD manufacturer is still able to guarantee the patient’s safety. MDPI 2023-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC10001652/ /pubmed/36901531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054512 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Vivarelli, Cecilia Censi, Federica Calcagnini, Giovanni De Ruvo, Ermenegildo Calò, Leonardo Mattei, Eugenio 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title | 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title_full | 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title_fullStr | 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title_full_unstemmed | 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title_short | 5G Service and Pacemakers/Implantable Defibrillators: What Is the Actual Risk? |
title_sort | 5g service and pacemakers/implantable defibrillators: what is the actual risk? |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001652/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901531 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054512 |
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