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Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease
Human mobility drives the geographical diffusion of infectious diseases at different scales, but few studies focus on mobility itself. Using publicly available data from Spain, we define a Mobility Matrix that captures constant flows between provinces by using a distance-like measure of effective di...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901366 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054356 |
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author | Del-Águila-Mejía, Javier García-García, David Rojas-Benedicto, Ayelén Rosillo, Nicolás Guerrero-Vadillo, María Peñuelas, Marina Ramis, Rebeca Gómez-Barroso, Diana Donado-Campos, Juan de Mata |
author_facet | Del-Águila-Mejía, Javier García-García, David Rojas-Benedicto, Ayelén Rosillo, Nicolás Guerrero-Vadillo, María Peñuelas, Marina Ramis, Rebeca Gómez-Barroso, Diana Donado-Campos, Juan de Mata |
author_sort | Del-Águila-Mejía, Javier |
collection | PubMed |
description | Human mobility drives the geographical diffusion of infectious diseases at different scales, but few studies focus on mobility itself. Using publicly available data from Spain, we define a Mobility Matrix that captures constant flows between provinces by using a distance-like measure of effective distance to build a network model with the 52 provinces and 135 relevant edges. Madrid, Valladolid and Araba/Álaba are the most relevant nodes in terms of degree and strength. The shortest routes (most likely path between two points) between all provinces are calculated. A total of 7 mobility communities were found with a modularity of 63%, and a relationship was established with a cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in 14 days (CI14) during the study period. In conclusion, mobility patterns in Spain are governed by a small number of high-flow connections that remain constant in time and seem unaffected by seasonality or restrictions. Most of the travels happen within communities that do not completely represent political borders, and a wave-like spreading pattern with occasional long-distance jumps (small-world properties) can be identified. This information can be incorporated into preparedness and response plans targeting locations that are at risk of contagion preventively, underscoring the importance of coordination between administrations when addressing health emergencies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10001675 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100016752023-03-11 Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease Del-Águila-Mejía, Javier García-García, David Rojas-Benedicto, Ayelén Rosillo, Nicolás Guerrero-Vadillo, María Peñuelas, Marina Ramis, Rebeca Gómez-Barroso, Diana Donado-Campos, Juan de Mata Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Human mobility drives the geographical diffusion of infectious diseases at different scales, but few studies focus on mobility itself. Using publicly available data from Spain, we define a Mobility Matrix that captures constant flows between provinces by using a distance-like measure of effective distance to build a network model with the 52 provinces and 135 relevant edges. Madrid, Valladolid and Araba/Álaba are the most relevant nodes in terms of degree and strength. The shortest routes (most likely path between two points) between all provinces are calculated. A total of 7 mobility communities were found with a modularity of 63%, and a relationship was established with a cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in 14 days (CI14) during the study period. In conclusion, mobility patterns in Spain are governed by a small number of high-flow connections that remain constant in time and seem unaffected by seasonality or restrictions. Most of the travels happen within communities that do not completely represent political borders, and a wave-like spreading pattern with occasional long-distance jumps (small-world properties) can be identified. This information can be incorporated into preparedness and response plans targeting locations that are at risk of contagion preventively, underscoring the importance of coordination between administrations when addressing health emergencies. MDPI 2023-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10001675/ /pubmed/36901366 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054356 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Del-Águila-Mejía, Javier García-García, David Rojas-Benedicto, Ayelén Rosillo, Nicolás Guerrero-Vadillo, María Peñuelas, Marina Ramis, Rebeca Gómez-Barroso, Diana Donado-Campos, Juan de Mata Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title | Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title_full | Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title_fullStr | Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title_short | Epidemic Diffusion Network of Spain: A Mobility Model to Characterize the Transmission Routes of Disease |
title_sort | epidemic diffusion network of spain: a mobility model to characterize the transmission routes of disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001675/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901366 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054356 |
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