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Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents
Today more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure to green/blue spaces could improve the children’s health, creating healthier environments and preventing exposure to legal/illegal...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36900969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053958 |
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author | Díaz-Martínez, Francisco Sánchez-Sauco, Miguel F. Cabrera-Rivera, Laura T. Sánchez, Carlos Ojeda Hidalgo-Albadalejo, Maria D. Claudio, Luz Ortega-García, Juan A. |
author_facet | Díaz-Martínez, Francisco Sánchez-Sauco, Miguel F. Cabrera-Rivera, Laura T. Sánchez, Carlos Ojeda Hidalgo-Albadalejo, Maria D. Claudio, Luz Ortega-García, Juan A. |
author_sort | Díaz-Martínez, Francisco |
collection | PubMed |
description | Today more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure to green/blue spaces could improve the children’s health, creating healthier environments and preventing exposure to legal/illegal drugs. This systematic review summarized the main results of published studies on active or passive exposure to green or blue spaces in different domains of child neurodevelopment. In August 2022, five databases were searched and twenty-eight eligible studies were included in the analysis. Cognitive and/or academic performance was the most frequently studied (15/28). Most studies evaluate passive exposure to green/blue spaces (19/28) versus active exposure (9/28). Only three studies addressed the relationship between blue space and neurodevelopment. The main results point toward mixed evidence of a protective relationship between green/blue space exposure and neurodevelopment, especially in improving cognitive/academic performance, attention restoration, behavior, and impulsivity. Renaturalizing school spaces and promoting “greener” capacities for school environmental health could improve children’s neurodevelopment. There was great heterogeneity in methodologies and adjustment for confounding factors across studies. Future research should seek a standardized approach to delivering school environmental health interventions beneficial to children’s development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10001910 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100019102023-03-11 Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents Díaz-Martínez, Francisco Sánchez-Sauco, Miguel F. Cabrera-Rivera, Laura T. Sánchez, Carlos Ojeda Hidalgo-Albadalejo, Maria D. Claudio, Luz Ortega-García, Juan A. Int J Environ Res Public Health Systematic Review Today more than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure to green/blue spaces could improve the children’s health, creating healthier environments and preventing exposure to legal/illegal drugs. This systematic review summarized the main results of published studies on active or passive exposure to green or blue spaces in different domains of child neurodevelopment. In August 2022, five databases were searched and twenty-eight eligible studies were included in the analysis. Cognitive and/or academic performance was the most frequently studied (15/28). Most studies evaluate passive exposure to green/blue spaces (19/28) versus active exposure (9/28). Only three studies addressed the relationship between blue space and neurodevelopment. The main results point toward mixed evidence of a protective relationship between green/blue space exposure and neurodevelopment, especially in improving cognitive/academic performance, attention restoration, behavior, and impulsivity. Renaturalizing school spaces and promoting “greener” capacities for school environmental health could improve children’s neurodevelopment. There was great heterogeneity in methodologies and adjustment for confounding factors across studies. Future research should seek a standardized approach to delivering school environmental health interventions beneficial to children’s development. MDPI 2023-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10001910/ /pubmed/36900969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053958 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Systematic Review Díaz-Martínez, Francisco Sánchez-Sauco, Miguel F. Cabrera-Rivera, Laura T. Sánchez, Carlos Ojeda Hidalgo-Albadalejo, Maria D. Claudio, Luz Ortega-García, Juan A. Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title | Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title_full | Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title_fullStr | Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title_full_unstemmed | Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title_short | Systematic Review: Neurodevelopmental Benefits of Active/Passive School Exposure to Green and/or Blue Spaces in Children and Adolescents |
title_sort | systematic review: neurodevelopmental benefits of active/passive school exposure to green and/or blue spaces in children and adolescents |
topic | Systematic Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10001910/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36900969 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053958 |
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