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Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Despite extensive research into the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and recent developments in potent disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), two-thirds of relapsing-remitting MS patients transition to progressive MS (PMS). The main pathogenic mechanism in PMS is represented not by inflammati...

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Autores principales: Maier, Smaranda, Barcutean, Laura, Andone, Sebastian, Manu, Doina, Sarmasan, Emanuela, Bajko, Zoltan, Balasa, Rodica
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10002756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901807
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054375
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author Maier, Smaranda
Barcutean, Laura
Andone, Sebastian
Manu, Doina
Sarmasan, Emanuela
Bajko, Zoltan
Balasa, Rodica
author_facet Maier, Smaranda
Barcutean, Laura
Andone, Sebastian
Manu, Doina
Sarmasan, Emanuela
Bajko, Zoltan
Balasa, Rodica
author_sort Maier, Smaranda
collection PubMed
description Despite extensive research into the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and recent developments in potent disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), two-thirds of relapsing-remitting MS patients transition to progressive MS (PMS). The main pathogenic mechanism in PMS is represented not by inflammation but by neurodegeneration, which leads to irreversible neurological disability. For this reason, this transition represents a critical factor for the long-term prognosis. Currently, the diagnosis of PMS can only be established retrospectively based on the progressive worsening of the disability over a period of at least 6 months. In some cases, the diagnosis of PMS is delayed for up to 3 years. With the approval of highly effective DMTs, some with proven effects on neurodegeneration, there is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to identify this transition phase early and to select patients at a high risk of conversion to PMS. The purpose of this review is to discuss the progress made in the last decade in an attempt to find such a biomarker in the molecular field (serum and cerebrospinal fluid) between the magnetic resonance imaging parameters and optical coherence tomography measures.
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spelling pubmed-100027562023-03-11 Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Maier, Smaranda Barcutean, Laura Andone, Sebastian Manu, Doina Sarmasan, Emanuela Bajko, Zoltan Balasa, Rodica Int J Mol Sci Review Despite extensive research into the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and recent developments in potent disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), two-thirds of relapsing-remitting MS patients transition to progressive MS (PMS). The main pathogenic mechanism in PMS is represented not by inflammation but by neurodegeneration, which leads to irreversible neurological disability. For this reason, this transition represents a critical factor for the long-term prognosis. Currently, the diagnosis of PMS can only be established retrospectively based on the progressive worsening of the disability over a period of at least 6 months. In some cases, the diagnosis of PMS is delayed for up to 3 years. With the approval of highly effective DMTs, some with proven effects on neurodegeneration, there is an urgent need for reliable biomarkers to identify this transition phase early and to select patients at a high risk of conversion to PMS. The purpose of this review is to discuss the progress made in the last decade in an attempt to find such a biomarker in the molecular field (serum and cerebrospinal fluid) between the magnetic resonance imaging parameters and optical coherence tomography measures. MDPI 2023-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10002756/ /pubmed/36901807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054375 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Maier, Smaranda
Barcutean, Laura
Andone, Sebastian
Manu, Doina
Sarmasan, Emanuela
Bajko, Zoltan
Balasa, Rodica
Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title_full Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title_fullStr Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title_short Recent Progress in the Identification of Early Transition Biomarkers from Relapsing-Remitting to Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
title_sort recent progress in the identification of early transition biomarkers from relapsing-remitting to progressive multiple sclerosis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10002756/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36901807
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054375
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