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Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch

For future spacecraft TPS (heat shield) applications, ablation experiments of carbon phenolic material specimens with two lamination angles (0° and 30°) and two specially designed SiC-coated carbon–carbon composite specimens (with either cork or graphite base) were conducted using an HVOF material a...

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Autores principales: Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar, Kim, Young Chan, Choi, Seong Man
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10003895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36903009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051895
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author Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar
Kim, Young Chan
Choi, Seong Man
author_facet Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar
Kim, Young Chan
Choi, Seong Man
author_sort Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar
collection PubMed
description For future spacecraft TPS (heat shield) applications, ablation experiments of carbon phenolic material specimens with two lamination angles (0° and 30°) and two specially designed SiC-coated carbon–carbon composite specimens (with either cork or graphite base) were conducted using an HVOF material ablation test facility. The heat flux test conditions ranged from 3.25 to 11.5 MW/m(2), corresponding to an interplanetary sample return re-entry heat flux trajectory. A two-color pyrometer, an IR camera, and thermocouples (at three internal locations) were used to measure the specimen temperature responses. At the 11.5 MW/m(2) heat flux test condition, the 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s maximum surface temperature value is approximately 2327 K, which is approximately 250 K higher than the corresponding value of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. The 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s recession value is approximately 44-fold greater, and the internal temperature values are approximately 1.5-fold lower than the corresponding values of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. This indicates that increased surface ablation and a higher surface temperature relatively reduced heat transfer to the 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s interior, leading to lower internal temperature values compared to those of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. During the tests, a phenomenon of periodic explosions occurred on the 0° carbon phenolic specimen surfaces. The 30° carbon phenolic material is considered more suitable for TPS applications due to its lower internal temperatures, as well as the absence of abnormal material behavior as observed in the 0° carbon phenolic material.
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spelling pubmed-100038952023-03-11 Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar Kim, Young Chan Choi, Seong Man Materials (Basel) Article For future spacecraft TPS (heat shield) applications, ablation experiments of carbon phenolic material specimens with two lamination angles (0° and 30°) and two specially designed SiC-coated carbon–carbon composite specimens (with either cork or graphite base) were conducted using an HVOF material ablation test facility. The heat flux test conditions ranged from 3.25 to 11.5 MW/m(2), corresponding to an interplanetary sample return re-entry heat flux trajectory. A two-color pyrometer, an IR camera, and thermocouples (at three internal locations) were used to measure the specimen temperature responses. At the 11.5 MW/m(2) heat flux test condition, the 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s maximum surface temperature value is approximately 2327 K, which is approximately 250 K higher than the corresponding value of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. The 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s recession value is approximately 44-fold greater, and the internal temperature values are approximately 1.5-fold lower than the corresponding values of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. This indicates that increased surface ablation and a higher surface temperature relatively reduced heat transfer to the 30° carbon phenolic specimen’s interior, leading to lower internal temperature values compared to those of the SiC-coated specimen with a graphite base. During the tests, a phenomenon of periodic explosions occurred on the 0° carbon phenolic specimen surfaces. The 30° carbon phenolic material is considered more suitable for TPS applications due to its lower internal temperatures, as well as the absence of abnormal material behavior as observed in the 0° carbon phenolic material. MDPI 2023-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10003895/ /pubmed/36903009 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051895 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chinnaraj, Rajesh Kumar
Kim, Young Chan
Choi, Seong Man
Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title_full Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title_fullStr Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title_full_unstemmed Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title_short Thermal Ablation Experiments of Carbon Phenolic and SiC-Coated Carbon Composite Materials Using a High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel Torch
title_sort thermal ablation experiments of carbon phenolic and sic-coated carbon composite materials using a high-velocity oxygen-fuel torch
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10003895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36903009
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051895
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