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Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect
The “gold dust defect” (GDD) appears at the surface of ferritic stainless steels (FSS) and degrades their appearance. Previous research showed that this defect might be related to intergranular corrosion and that the addition of aluminium improves surface quality. However, the nature and origin of t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36902941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051825 |
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author | Amaya Dolores, Beatriz Ruiz Flores, Andrés Núñez Galindo, Andrés Calvino Gámez, José Juan Almagro, Juan F. Lajaunie, Luc |
author_facet | Amaya Dolores, Beatriz Ruiz Flores, Andrés Núñez Galindo, Andrés Calvino Gámez, José Juan Almagro, Juan F. Lajaunie, Luc |
author_sort | Amaya Dolores, Beatriz |
collection | PubMed |
description | The “gold dust defect” (GDD) appears at the surface of ferritic stainless steels (FSS) and degrades their appearance. Previous research showed that this defect might be related to intergranular corrosion and that the addition of aluminium improves surface quality. However, the nature and origin of this defect are not properly understood yet. In this study, we performed detailed electron backscatter diffraction analyses and advanced monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy experiments combined with machine-learning analyses in order to extract a wealth of information on the GDD. Our results show that the GDD leads to strong textural, chemical, and microstructural heterogeneities. In particular, the surface of affected samples presents an α-fibre texture which is characteristic of poorly recrystallised FSS. It is associated with a specific microstructure in which elongated grains are separated from the matrix by cracks. The edges of the cracks are rich in chromium oxides and MnCr(2)O(4) spinel. In addition, the surface of the affected samples presents a heterogeneous passive layer, in contrast with the surface of unaffected samples, which shows a thicker and continuous passive layer. The quality of the passive layer is improved with the addition of aluminium, explaining the better resistance to the GDD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10004007 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100040072023-03-11 Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect Amaya Dolores, Beatriz Ruiz Flores, Andrés Núñez Galindo, Andrés Calvino Gámez, José Juan Almagro, Juan F. Lajaunie, Luc Materials (Basel) Article The “gold dust defect” (GDD) appears at the surface of ferritic stainless steels (FSS) and degrades their appearance. Previous research showed that this defect might be related to intergranular corrosion and that the addition of aluminium improves surface quality. However, the nature and origin of this defect are not properly understood yet. In this study, we performed detailed electron backscatter diffraction analyses and advanced monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy experiments combined with machine-learning analyses in order to extract a wealth of information on the GDD. Our results show that the GDD leads to strong textural, chemical, and microstructural heterogeneities. In particular, the surface of affected samples presents an α-fibre texture which is characteristic of poorly recrystallised FSS. It is associated with a specific microstructure in which elongated grains are separated from the matrix by cracks. The edges of the cracks are rich in chromium oxides and MnCr(2)O(4) spinel. In addition, the surface of the affected samples presents a heterogeneous passive layer, in contrast with the surface of unaffected samples, which shows a thicker and continuous passive layer. The quality of the passive layer is improved with the addition of aluminium, explaining the better resistance to the GDD. MDPI 2023-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10004007/ /pubmed/36902941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051825 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Amaya Dolores, Beatriz Ruiz Flores, Andrés Núñez Galindo, Andrés Calvino Gámez, José Juan Almagro, Juan F. Lajaunie, Luc Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title | Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title_full | Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title_fullStr | Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title_full_unstemmed | Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title_short | Textural, Microstructural and Chemical Characterization of Ferritic Stainless Steel Affected by the Gold Dust Defect |
title_sort | textural, microstructural and chemical characterization of ferritic stainless steel affected by the gold dust defect |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36902941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051825 |
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