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Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of hypozincemia in long COVID patients. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective observational study for outpatients who visited the long COVID clinic established in a university hospital during the period from 15 Fe...

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Autores principales: Matsuda, Yui, Tokumasu, Kazuki, Otsuka, Yuki, Sunada, Naruhiko, Honda, Hiroyuki, Sakurada, Yasue, Nakano, Yasuhiro, Hasegawa, Toru, Obika, Mikako, Ueda, Keigo, Otsuka, Fumio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004579/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36902849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12052062
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author Matsuda, Yui
Tokumasu, Kazuki
Otsuka, Yuki
Sunada, Naruhiko
Honda, Hiroyuki
Sakurada, Yasue
Nakano, Yasuhiro
Hasegawa, Toru
Obika, Mikako
Ueda, Keigo
Otsuka, Fumio
author_facet Matsuda, Yui
Tokumasu, Kazuki
Otsuka, Yuki
Sunada, Naruhiko
Honda, Hiroyuki
Sakurada, Yasue
Nakano, Yasuhiro
Hasegawa, Toru
Obika, Mikako
Ueda, Keigo
Otsuka, Fumio
author_sort Matsuda, Yui
collection PubMed
description Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of hypozincemia in long COVID patients. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective observational study for outpatients who visited the long COVID clinic established in a university hospital during the period from 15 February 2021 to 28 February 2022. Characteristics of patients with a serum zinc concentration lower than 70 μg/dL (10.7 μmol/L) were compared with characteristics of patients with normozincemia. Results: In a total of 194 patients with long COVID after excluding 32 patients, hypozincemia was detected in 43 patients (22.2%) including 16 male patients (37.2%) and 27 female patients (62.8%). Among various parameters including the background characteristics of the patients and medical histories, the patients with hypozincemia were significantly older than the patients with normozincemia (median age: 50 vs. 39 years). A significant negative correlation was found between serum zinc concentrations and age in male patients (R = −0.39; p < 0.01) but not in female patients. In addition, there was no significant correlation between serum zinc levels and inflammatory markers. General fatigue was the most frequent symptom in both male patients with hypozincemia (9 out of 16: 56.3%) and female patients with hypozincemia (8 out of 27: 29.6%). Patients with severe hypozincemia (serum zinc level lower than 60 μg/dL) had major complaints of dysosmia and dysgeusia, which were more frequent complaints than general fatigue. Conclusions: The most frequent symptom in long COVID patients with hypozincemia was general fatigue. Serum zinc levels should be measured in long COVID patients with general fatigue, particularly in male patients.
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spelling pubmed-100045792023-03-11 Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients Matsuda, Yui Tokumasu, Kazuki Otsuka, Yuki Sunada, Naruhiko Honda, Hiroyuki Sakurada, Yasue Nakano, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Toru Obika, Mikako Ueda, Keigo Otsuka, Fumio J Clin Med Brief Report Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of hypozincemia in long COVID patients. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective observational study for outpatients who visited the long COVID clinic established in a university hospital during the period from 15 February 2021 to 28 February 2022. Characteristics of patients with a serum zinc concentration lower than 70 μg/dL (10.7 μmol/L) were compared with characteristics of patients with normozincemia. Results: In a total of 194 patients with long COVID after excluding 32 patients, hypozincemia was detected in 43 patients (22.2%) including 16 male patients (37.2%) and 27 female patients (62.8%). Among various parameters including the background characteristics of the patients and medical histories, the patients with hypozincemia were significantly older than the patients with normozincemia (median age: 50 vs. 39 years). A significant negative correlation was found between serum zinc concentrations and age in male patients (R = −0.39; p < 0.01) but not in female patients. In addition, there was no significant correlation between serum zinc levels and inflammatory markers. General fatigue was the most frequent symptom in both male patients with hypozincemia (9 out of 16: 56.3%) and female patients with hypozincemia (8 out of 27: 29.6%). Patients with severe hypozincemia (serum zinc level lower than 60 μg/dL) had major complaints of dysosmia and dysgeusia, which were more frequent complaints than general fatigue. Conclusions: The most frequent symptom in long COVID patients with hypozincemia was general fatigue. Serum zinc levels should be measured in long COVID patients with general fatigue, particularly in male patients. MDPI 2023-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC10004579/ /pubmed/36902849 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12052062 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Brief Report
Matsuda, Yui
Tokumasu, Kazuki
Otsuka, Yuki
Sunada, Naruhiko
Honda, Hiroyuki
Sakurada, Yasue
Nakano, Yasuhiro
Hasegawa, Toru
Obika, Mikako
Ueda, Keigo
Otsuka, Fumio
Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title_full Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title_fullStr Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title_full_unstemmed Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title_short Symptomatic Characteristics of Hypozincemia Detected in Long COVID Patients
title_sort symptomatic characteristics of hypozincemia detected in long covid patients
topic Brief Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004579/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36902849
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12052062
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