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Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most popular engineered nanomaterials in consumer products due to their antimicrobial properties. They enter aquatic ecosystems via insufficient purified wastewaters from manufacturers or consumers. AgNPs inhibit growth of aquatic plants, including duckweeds. Gro...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36903968 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12051104 |
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author | Tran, Indigo T. Heiman, Jordan A. Lydy, Victoria R. Kissoon, La Toya |
author_facet | Tran, Indigo T. Heiman, Jordan A. Lydy, Victoria R. Kissoon, La Toya |
author_sort | Tran, Indigo T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most popular engineered nanomaterials in consumer products due to their antimicrobial properties. They enter aquatic ecosystems via insufficient purified wastewaters from manufacturers or consumers. AgNPs inhibit growth of aquatic plants, including duckweeds. Growth media nutrient concentration and initial duckweed frond density can affect growth. However, it is not well understood how frond density affects nanoparticle toxicity. We investigated the toxicity of 500 µg/L AgNPs and AgNO(3) on Lemna minor at different initial frond densities (20, 40, and 80 fronds per 28.5 cm(2)) over 14 days. Plants were more sensitive to silver at high initial frond densities. Growth rates based on frond number and area were lower for plants at 40 and 80 initial frond density in both silver treatments. AgNPs had no effect on frond number, biomass, and frond area at 20 initial frond density. However, AgNO(3) plants had lower biomass than control and AgNP plants at 20 initial frond density. Competition and crowding at high frond densities resulted in reduced growth when silver was present, therefore plant density and crowding effects should be considered in toxicity studies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10004846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100048462023-03-11 Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities Tran, Indigo T. Heiman, Jordan A. Lydy, Victoria R. Kissoon, La Toya Plants (Basel) Article Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are the most popular engineered nanomaterials in consumer products due to their antimicrobial properties. They enter aquatic ecosystems via insufficient purified wastewaters from manufacturers or consumers. AgNPs inhibit growth of aquatic plants, including duckweeds. Growth media nutrient concentration and initial duckweed frond density can affect growth. However, it is not well understood how frond density affects nanoparticle toxicity. We investigated the toxicity of 500 µg/L AgNPs and AgNO(3) on Lemna minor at different initial frond densities (20, 40, and 80 fronds per 28.5 cm(2)) over 14 days. Plants were more sensitive to silver at high initial frond densities. Growth rates based on frond number and area were lower for plants at 40 and 80 initial frond density in both silver treatments. AgNPs had no effect on frond number, biomass, and frond area at 20 initial frond density. However, AgNO(3) plants had lower biomass than control and AgNP plants at 20 initial frond density. Competition and crowding at high frond densities resulted in reduced growth when silver was present, therefore plant density and crowding effects should be considered in toxicity studies. MDPI 2023-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10004846/ /pubmed/36903968 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12051104 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tran, Indigo T. Heiman, Jordan A. Lydy, Victoria R. Kissoon, La Toya Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title | Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title_full | Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title_fullStr | Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title_full_unstemmed | Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title_short | Silver Inhibits Lemna minor Growth at High Initial Frond Densities |
title_sort | silver inhibits lemna minor growth at high initial frond densities |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10004846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36903968 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12051104 |
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