Cargando…

Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis

Mitochondria are central hubs for energy production, metabolism and cellular signal transduction in eukaryotic cells. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is important for cellular function and survival. In particular, cellular metabolic state is in constant communication with mitochondrial home...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Qiaochu, Hoppe, Thorsten
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10008872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36923249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1127618
_version_ 1784905855864406016
author Li, Qiaochu
Hoppe, Thorsten
author_facet Li, Qiaochu
Hoppe, Thorsten
author_sort Li, Qiaochu
collection PubMed
description Mitochondria are central hubs for energy production, metabolism and cellular signal transduction in eukaryotic cells. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is important for cellular function and survival. In particular, cellular metabolic state is in constant communication with mitochondrial homeostasis. One of the most important metabolic processes that provide energy in the cell is amino acid metabolism. Almost all of the 20 amino acids that serve as the building blocks of proteins are produced or degraded in the mitochondria. The synthesis of the amino acids aspartate and arginine depends on the activity of the respiratory chain, which is essential for cell proliferation. The degradation of branched-chain amino acids mainly occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, contributing to energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as protein quality control in both mitochondria and cytosol. Dietary supplementation or restriction of amino acids in worms, flies and mice modulates lifespan and health, which has been associated with changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant response, as well as the activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain. Consequently, impaired amino acid metabolism has been associated with both primary mitochondrial diseases and diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction such as cancer. Here, we present recent observations on the crosstalk between amino acid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis, summarise the underlying molecular mechanisms to date, and discuss their role in cellular functions and organismal physiology.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10008872
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-100088722023-03-14 Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis Li, Qiaochu Hoppe, Thorsten Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Mitochondria are central hubs for energy production, metabolism and cellular signal transduction in eukaryotic cells. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is important for cellular function and survival. In particular, cellular metabolic state is in constant communication with mitochondrial homeostasis. One of the most important metabolic processes that provide energy in the cell is amino acid metabolism. Almost all of the 20 amino acids that serve as the building blocks of proteins are produced or degraded in the mitochondria. The synthesis of the amino acids aspartate and arginine depends on the activity of the respiratory chain, which is essential for cell proliferation. The degradation of branched-chain amino acids mainly occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, contributing to energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as protein quality control in both mitochondria and cytosol. Dietary supplementation or restriction of amino acids in worms, flies and mice modulates lifespan and health, which has been associated with changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant response, as well as the activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain. Consequently, impaired amino acid metabolism has been associated with both primary mitochondrial diseases and diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction such as cancer. Here, we present recent observations on the crosstalk between amino acid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis, summarise the underlying molecular mechanisms to date, and discuss their role in cellular functions and organismal physiology. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10008872/ /pubmed/36923249 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1127618 Text en Copyright © 2023 Li and Hoppe. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Li, Qiaochu
Hoppe, Thorsten
Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title_full Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title_fullStr Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title_full_unstemmed Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title_short Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
title_sort role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10008872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36923249
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1127618
work_keys_str_mv AT liqiaochu roleofaminoacidmetabolisminmitochondrialhomeostasis
AT hoppethorsten roleofaminoacidmetabolisminmitochondrialhomeostasis