Sensitivity of PM(10) oxidative potential to aerosol chemical composition at a Mediterranean urban site: ascorbic acid versus dithiothreitol measurements

The oxidative potential (OP) of PM(10) daily samples collected at a traffic site in southeastern Spain during summer and winter was assessed by two acellular assays: the ascorbic acid (AA) and dithiothreitol (DTT) methods. Although PM(10) levels were similar during both periods, OP values (expressed in nmol min(−1) m(−3)) showed a defined seasonal trend. The AA activity was higher in summer than in winter, whereas the DTT reactivity exhibited an opposite seasonal pattern. Both assays were sensitive to different PM(10) components, as shown by the results of the linear correlation analysis. Moreover, the relationship between OP values and PM(10) chemical species was not the same during summer and winter, indicating that particle toxicity is associated with different sources during the warm and cold seasons. When OP values were expressed on a mass basis (nmol min(−1) µg(−1)), lower correlation coefficients with PM(10) chemical species were generally obtained compared to volume-normalized activities. These outcomes suggest that only some specific components have a significant intrinsic oxidative potential. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11869-023-01332-1.