A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans
BACKGROUND: Gut microbes play crucial roles in the development and health of their animal hosts. However, the evolutionary relationships of gut microbes with vertebrate hosts, and the consequences that arise for the ecology and lifestyle of the microbes are still insufficiently understood. Specifica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10010030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36907868 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01541-1 |
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author | Li, Fuyong Li, Xudong Cheng, Christopher C. Bujdoš, Dalimil Tollenaar, Stephanie Simpson, David J. Tasseva, Guergana Perez-Muñoz, Maria Elisa Frese, Steven Gänzle, Michael G. Walter, Jens Zheng, Jinshui |
author_facet | Li, Fuyong Li, Xudong Cheng, Christopher C. Bujdoš, Dalimil Tollenaar, Stephanie Simpson, David J. Tasseva, Guergana Perez-Muñoz, Maria Elisa Frese, Steven Gänzle, Michael G. Walter, Jens Zheng, Jinshui |
author_sort | Li, Fuyong |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Gut microbes play crucial roles in the development and health of their animal hosts. However, the evolutionary relationships of gut microbes with vertebrate hosts, and the consequences that arise for the ecology and lifestyle of the microbes are still insufficiently understood. Specifically, the mechanisms by which strain-level diversity evolved, the degree by which lineages remain stably associated with hosts, and how their evolutionary history influences their ecological performance remain a critical gap in our understanding of vertebrate-microbe symbiosis. RESULTS: This study presents the characterization of an extended collection of strains of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and closely related species from a wide variety of hosts by phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses combined with colonization experiments in mice to gain insight into the long-term evolutionary relationship of a bacterial symbiont with vertebrates. The phylogenetic analysis of L. reuteri revealed early-branching lineages that primarily consist of isolates from rodents (four lineages) and birds (one lineage), while lineages dominated by strains from herbivores, humans, pigs, and primates arose more recently and were less host specific. Strains from rodent lineages, despite their phylogenetic divergence, showed tight clustering in gene-content-based analyses. These L. reuteri strains but not those ones from non-rodent lineages efficiently colonize the forestomach epithelium of germ-free mice. The findings support a long-term evolutionary relationships of L. reuteri lineages with rodents and a stable host switch to birds. Associations of L. reuteri with other host species are likely more dynamic and transient. Interestingly, human isolates of L. reuteri cluster phylogenetically closely with strains from domesticated animals, such as chickens and herbivores, suggesting zoonotic transmissions. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study demonstrates that the evolutionary relationship of a vertebrate gut symbiont can be stable in particular hosts over time scales that allow major adaptations and specialization, but also emphasizes the diversity of symbiont lifestyles even within a single bacterial species. For L. reuteri, symbiont lifestyles ranged from autochthonous, likely based on vertical transmission and stably aligned to rodents and birds over evolutionary time, to allochthonous possibly reliant on zoonotic transmission in humans. Such information contributes to our ability to use these microbes in microbial-based therapeutics. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-023-01541-1. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10010030 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100100302023-03-14 A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans Li, Fuyong Li, Xudong Cheng, Christopher C. Bujdoš, Dalimil Tollenaar, Stephanie Simpson, David J. Tasseva, Guergana Perez-Muñoz, Maria Elisa Frese, Steven Gänzle, Michael G. Walter, Jens Zheng, Jinshui BMC Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Gut microbes play crucial roles in the development and health of their animal hosts. However, the evolutionary relationships of gut microbes with vertebrate hosts, and the consequences that arise for the ecology and lifestyle of the microbes are still insufficiently understood. Specifically, the mechanisms by which strain-level diversity evolved, the degree by which lineages remain stably associated with hosts, and how their evolutionary history influences their ecological performance remain a critical gap in our understanding of vertebrate-microbe symbiosis. RESULTS: This study presents the characterization of an extended collection of strains of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and closely related species from a wide variety of hosts by phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses combined with colonization experiments in mice to gain insight into the long-term evolutionary relationship of a bacterial symbiont with vertebrates. The phylogenetic analysis of L. reuteri revealed early-branching lineages that primarily consist of isolates from rodents (four lineages) and birds (one lineage), while lineages dominated by strains from herbivores, humans, pigs, and primates arose more recently and were less host specific. Strains from rodent lineages, despite their phylogenetic divergence, showed tight clustering in gene-content-based analyses. These L. reuteri strains but not those ones from non-rodent lineages efficiently colonize the forestomach epithelium of germ-free mice. The findings support a long-term evolutionary relationships of L. reuteri lineages with rodents and a stable host switch to birds. Associations of L. reuteri with other host species are likely more dynamic and transient. Interestingly, human isolates of L. reuteri cluster phylogenetically closely with strains from domesticated animals, such as chickens and herbivores, suggesting zoonotic transmissions. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study demonstrates that the evolutionary relationship of a vertebrate gut symbiont can be stable in particular hosts over time scales that allow major adaptations and specialization, but also emphasizes the diversity of symbiont lifestyles even within a single bacterial species. For L. reuteri, symbiont lifestyles ranged from autochthonous, likely based on vertical transmission and stably aligned to rodents and birds over evolutionary time, to allochthonous possibly reliant on zoonotic transmission in humans. Such information contributes to our ability to use these microbes in microbial-based therapeutics. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-023-01541-1. BioMed Central 2023-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC10010030/ /pubmed/36907868 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01541-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Li, Fuyong Li, Xudong Cheng, Christopher C. Bujdoš, Dalimil Tollenaar, Stephanie Simpson, David J. Tasseva, Guergana Perez-Muñoz, Maria Elisa Frese, Steven Gänzle, Michael G. Walter, Jens Zheng, Jinshui A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title | A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title_full | A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title_fullStr | A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title_full_unstemmed | A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title_short | A phylogenomic analysis of Limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
title_sort | phylogenomic analysis of limosilactobacillus reuteri reveals ancient and stable evolutionary relationships with rodents and birds and zoonotic transmission to humans |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10010030/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36907868 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01541-1 |
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