Dynamic Characteristics and Predictive Profile of Glucocorticoids Withdrawal in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Commencing Glucocorticoids with csDMARD: A Real-World Experience

INTRODUCTION: Glucocorticoids (GC) are currently recommended as a bridging therapy in combination with conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARD) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and should be tapered as rapidly as clinically feasible. We aimed to explore potential predictors for GC discontinuation in patients commencing GC with concomitant csDMARD. METHODS: We used data from a longitudinal real-world cohort. RA patients who newly started GC concomitantly with csDMARD were included. All patients were divided into four groups, according to degree of change in disease activity at 3 months from baseline (group 1: worsening or no decrease; group 2: 0–24.9% decrease; group 3: 25.0–49.9% decrease; group 4: ≥ 50.0% decrease). Cox regression was used to estimate hazard risk (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: In total, 124 out of 207 RA patients discontinued GC at the rheumatologist's discretion and 79.1% (91/115) of them successfully stopping GC without flare within 6 months after GC withdrawal. Increasing age (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00, p = 0.043) and concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use at GC initiation (HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25–0.88, p = 0.018) were independently associated with GC withdrawal failure. Moreover, the degrees of disease activity improvement at 3 months significantly predicted the possibility of subsequent GC discontinuation (fully adjusted HR 1.35–1.47, p < 0.01), with 2.38–3.59 times higher in group 4 than group 1. Switching the outcome to successfully stopping GC without short-term flare yielded similar findings. CONCLUSIONS: The degrees of disease activity improvement at 3 months independently predicted the subsequent GC withdrawal. These findings suggest the importance of dynamic treatment strategies with a closer look at disease activity during GC tapering and discontinuation. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40744-022-00527-9.