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Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study

BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is a prerequisite for the development of gout. Elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels result from either overproduction or decreased excretion. A positive correlation between serum UA levels, cirrhosis-related complications and the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseas...

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Autores principales: Khrais, Ayham, Kahlam, Aaron, Tahir, Ali, Shaikh, Amjad, Ahlawat, Sushil
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10011910/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926244
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v15.i2.303
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author Khrais, Ayham
Kahlam, Aaron
Tahir, Ali
Shaikh, Amjad
Ahlawat, Sushil
author_facet Khrais, Ayham
Kahlam, Aaron
Tahir, Ali
Shaikh, Amjad
Ahlawat, Sushil
author_sort Khrais, Ayham
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is a prerequisite for the development of gout. Elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels result from either overproduction or decreased excretion. A positive correlation between serum UA levels, cirrhosis-related complications and the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been established, but it is unknown whether hyperuricemia results in worsening cirrhosis outcomes. We hypothesize that patients with cirrhosis will have poorer gout outcomes. AIM: To explore the link between cirrhosis and the incidence of gout-related complications. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The national inpatient sample was used to identify patients hospitalized with gout, stratified based on a history of cirrhosis, from 2001 to 2013 via the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Primary outcomes were mortality, gout complications and joint interventions. The χ(2) test and independent t-test were performed to assess categorical and continuous data, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for confounding variables. RESULTS: Patients without cirrhosis were older (70.37 ± 13.53 years vs 66.21 ± 12.325 years; P < 0.05). Most patients were male (74.63% in the cirrhosis group vs 66.83%; adjusted P < 0.05). Patients with cirrhosis had greater rates of mortality (5.49% vs 2.03%; adjusted P < 0.05), gout flare (2.89% vs 2.77%; adjusted P < 0.05) and tophi (0.97% vs 0.75%; adjusted P = 0.677). Patients without cirrhosis had higher rates of arthrocentesis (2.45% vs 2.21%; adjusted P < 0.05) and joint injections (0.72% vs 0.52%; adjusted P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Gout complications were more common in cirrhosis. Those without cirrhosis had higher rates of interventions, possibly due to hesitancy with performing these interventions given the higher complication risk in cirrhosis.
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spelling pubmed-100119102023-03-15 Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study Khrais, Ayham Kahlam, Aaron Tahir, Ali Shaikh, Amjad Ahlawat, Sushil World J Hepatol Observational Study BACKGROUND: Hyperuricemia is a prerequisite for the development of gout. Elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels result from either overproduction or decreased excretion. A positive correlation between serum UA levels, cirrhosis-related complications and the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been established, but it is unknown whether hyperuricemia results in worsening cirrhosis outcomes. We hypothesize that patients with cirrhosis will have poorer gout outcomes. AIM: To explore the link between cirrhosis and the incidence of gout-related complications. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. The national inpatient sample was used to identify patients hospitalized with gout, stratified based on a history of cirrhosis, from 2001 to 2013 via the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Primary outcomes were mortality, gout complications and joint interventions. The χ(2) test and independent t-test were performed to assess categorical and continuous data, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to control for confounding variables. RESULTS: Patients without cirrhosis were older (70.37 ± 13.53 years vs 66.21 ± 12.325 years; P < 0.05). Most patients were male (74.63% in the cirrhosis group vs 66.83%; adjusted P < 0.05). Patients with cirrhosis had greater rates of mortality (5.49% vs 2.03%; adjusted P < 0.05), gout flare (2.89% vs 2.77%; adjusted P < 0.05) and tophi (0.97% vs 0.75%; adjusted P = 0.677). Patients without cirrhosis had higher rates of arthrocentesis (2.45% vs 2.21%; adjusted P < 0.05) and joint injections (0.72% vs 0.52%; adjusted P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Gout complications were more common in cirrhosis. Those without cirrhosis had higher rates of interventions, possibly due to hesitancy with performing these interventions given the higher complication risk in cirrhosis. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10011910/ /pubmed/36926244 http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v15.i2.303 Text en ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Observational Study
Khrais, Ayham
Kahlam, Aaron
Tahir, Ali
Shaikh, Amjad
Ahlawat, Sushil
Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title_full Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title_fullStr Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title_full_unstemmed Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title_short Outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: A national inpatient sample-based study
title_sort outcomes of gout in patients with cirrhosis: a national inpatient sample-based study
topic Observational Study
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10011910/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926244
http://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v15.i2.303
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