Cargando…

Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior

The involvement of immunity in psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, is typified by the morphologic adaptation of microglia, immune cells of the brain, to anxiogenic stimuli. We previously reported sexually differentiated microglia morphology in adult rodents, in brain locations implicated in anxi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa, Rodrigues-Neves, A. Catarina, Sousa, Fábio J., Gaspar, Rita, Almeida, Inês, Baptista, Filipa I., Ambrósio, António F., Gomes, Catarina A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10013065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1102068
_version_ 1784906740457799680
author Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa
Rodrigues-Neves, A. Catarina
Sousa, Fábio J.
Gaspar, Rita
Almeida, Inês
Baptista, Filipa I.
Ambrósio, António F.
Gomes, Catarina A.
author_facet Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa
Rodrigues-Neves, A. Catarina
Sousa, Fábio J.
Gaspar, Rita
Almeida, Inês
Baptista, Filipa I.
Ambrósio, António F.
Gomes, Catarina A.
author_sort Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa
collection PubMed
description The involvement of immunity in psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, is typified by the morphologic adaptation of microglia, immune cells of the brain, to anxiogenic stimuli. We previously reported sexually differentiated microglia morphology in adult rodents, in brain locations implicated in anxiety, including the pre-frontal cortex. These physiologic differences likely drive sex-dependent patterns of microglia morphologic remodeling in response to varied stress conditions in different periods of life, that correlate with sex-dependent behavioral adaptation to anxiogenic stimuli. The time-window of appearance of sex differences in microglia, correlating with sex-specific behavioral performance in anxiogenic conditions are still unknown. In rodents, a postnatal peak of the sexual hormone testosterone is determinant for the so-called brain masculinization and sex-determined behavioral traits. In the present work we aim to clarify if differences in microglia morphology are present at birth or can be driven by postnatal testosterone and impacts on the ability to deal with an anxiogenic context. Differences in microglia morphology are not present at birth, but are observable at adolescence (increased complexity of male microglia, particularly in branches more proximal to the soma), when differences in behavior are also observed. Our data also show that adolescent females neonatally treated with testosterone exhibit masculinized microglia and behavior. Importantly, between adolescence and adulthood, a sex-determined shift in the pattern of complexity takes place and microglia from females become more complex. When testosterone is administered, this morphological effect is partially abolished, approximating microglia and behavior to the male phenotype.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10013065
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-100130652023-03-15 Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa Rodrigues-Neves, A. Catarina Sousa, Fábio J. Gaspar, Rita Almeida, Inês Baptista, Filipa I. Ambrósio, António F. Gomes, Catarina A. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology The involvement of immunity in psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, is typified by the morphologic adaptation of microglia, immune cells of the brain, to anxiogenic stimuli. We previously reported sexually differentiated microglia morphology in adult rodents, in brain locations implicated in anxiety, including the pre-frontal cortex. These physiologic differences likely drive sex-dependent patterns of microglia morphologic remodeling in response to varied stress conditions in different periods of life, that correlate with sex-dependent behavioral adaptation to anxiogenic stimuli. The time-window of appearance of sex differences in microglia, correlating with sex-specific behavioral performance in anxiogenic conditions are still unknown. In rodents, a postnatal peak of the sexual hormone testosterone is determinant for the so-called brain masculinization and sex-determined behavioral traits. In the present work we aim to clarify if differences in microglia morphology are present at birth or can be driven by postnatal testosterone and impacts on the ability to deal with an anxiogenic context. Differences in microglia morphology are not present at birth, but are observable at adolescence (increased complexity of male microglia, particularly in branches more proximal to the soma), when differences in behavior are also observed. Our data also show that adolescent females neonatally treated with testosterone exhibit masculinized microglia and behavior. Importantly, between adolescence and adulthood, a sex-determined shift in the pattern of complexity takes place and microglia from females become more complex. When testosterone is administered, this morphological effect is partially abolished, approximating microglia and behavior to the male phenotype. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10013065/ /pubmed/36926023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1102068 Text en Copyright © 2023 Simões-Henriques, Rodrigues-Neves, Sousa, Gaspar, Almeida, Baptista, Ambrósio and Gomes https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Simões-Henriques, Carla Filipa
Rodrigues-Neves, A. Catarina
Sousa, Fábio J.
Gaspar, Rita
Almeida, Inês
Baptista, Filipa I.
Ambrósio, António F.
Gomes, Catarina A.
Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title_full Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title_fullStr Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title_full_unstemmed Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title_short Neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
title_sort neonatal testosterone voids sexually differentiated microglia morphology and behavior
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10013065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1102068
work_keys_str_mv AT simoeshenriquescarlafilipa neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT rodriguesnevesacatarina neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT sousafabioj neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT gasparrita neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT almeidaines neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT baptistafilipai neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT ambrosioantoniof neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior
AT gomescatarinaa neonataltestosteronevoidssexuallydifferentiatedmicrogliamorphologyandbehavior