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The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future

In just over 100 years, surgical education in the United States has evolved from a disorganized practice to a refined system esteemed worldwide as one of the premier models for the training of physicians and surgeons. But in the changing environment of health care, new challenges have arisen that co...

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Autores principales: Camison, Liliana, Brooker, Jack E., Naran, Sanjay, Potts, John R., Losee, Joseph E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10013151/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36935767
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AS9.0000000000000148
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author Camison, Liliana
Brooker, Jack E.
Naran, Sanjay
Potts, John R.
Losee, Joseph E.
author_facet Camison, Liliana
Brooker, Jack E.
Naran, Sanjay
Potts, John R.
Losee, Joseph E.
author_sort Camison, Liliana
collection PubMed
description In just over 100 years, surgical education in the United States has evolved from a disorganized practice to a refined system esteemed worldwide as one of the premier models for the training of physicians and surgeons. But in the changing environment of health care, new challenges have arisen that could warrant a reform. To design our future, we must understand our past. The present work is not intended to be a comprehensive account of the history of American surgery. Instead, it tells the abridged history of surgical education in our country: the evolution from apprenticeships to residencies; the birth of hospital-based teaching; the impact of key historical events on training; the marks left by some preeminent characters; the conception of regulatory entities that steer our education; and, finally, how our process of training surgeons might need to be refined for the continued progress of our profession. Told in chronological order in a manner that will be memorable to readers, this story weaves together the key events that explain how our current surgical training models came to be. We conclude with a timely invitation to draw from these past lessons to redesign the future of graduate medical education, making a case for the transition to time-variable, competency-based medical education for surgical residency programs in America.
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spelling pubmed-100131512023-03-15 The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future Camison, Liliana Brooker, Jack E. Naran, Sanjay Potts, John R. Losee, Joseph E. Ann Surg Open Surgical Retrospection (Historical) In just over 100 years, surgical education in the United States has evolved from a disorganized practice to a refined system esteemed worldwide as one of the premier models for the training of physicians and surgeons. But in the changing environment of health care, new challenges have arisen that could warrant a reform. To design our future, we must understand our past. The present work is not intended to be a comprehensive account of the history of American surgery. Instead, it tells the abridged history of surgical education in our country: the evolution from apprenticeships to residencies; the birth of hospital-based teaching; the impact of key historical events on training; the marks left by some preeminent characters; the conception of regulatory entities that steer our education; and, finally, how our process of training surgeons might need to be refined for the continued progress of our profession. Told in chronological order in a manner that will be memorable to readers, this story weaves together the key events that explain how our current surgical training models came to be. We conclude with a timely invitation to draw from these past lessons to redesign the future of graduate medical education, making a case for the transition to time-variable, competency-based medical education for surgical residency programs in America. Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. 2022-03-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10013151/ /pubmed/36935767 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AS9.0000000000000148 Text en Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
spellingShingle Surgical Retrospection (Historical)
Camison, Liliana
Brooker, Jack E.
Naran, Sanjay
Potts, John R.
Losee, Joseph E.
The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title_full The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title_fullStr The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title_full_unstemmed The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title_short The History of Surgical Education in the United States: Past, Present, and Future
title_sort history of surgical education in the united states: past, present, and future
topic Surgical Retrospection (Historical)
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10013151/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36935767
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AS9.0000000000000148
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