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Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination
BACKGROUND: Demyelination has been observed in neurological disorders, motivating researchers to search for components for enhancing remyelination. Previously we found that Rb1, a major ginsenoside in Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), enhances myelin formation. However, it has not been studied whether Rb1 o...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014189/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926609 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.005 |
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author | Kwon, Oh Wook Kim, Dalnim Koh, Eugene Yang, Hyun-Jeong |
author_facet | Kwon, Oh Wook Kim, Dalnim Koh, Eugene Yang, Hyun-Jeong |
author_sort | Kwon, Oh Wook |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Demyelination has been observed in neurological disorders, motivating researchers to search for components for enhancing remyelination. Previously we found that Rb1, a major ginsenoside in Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), enhances myelin formation. However, it has not been studied whether Rb1 or KRG function in remyelination after demyelination in vivo. METHODS: Mice were fed 0.2% cuprizone-containing chow for 5 weeks and returned to normal chow with daily oral injection of vehicle, KRG, or Rb1 for 3 weeks. Brain sections were stained with luxol fast blue (LFB) staining or immunohistochemistry. Primary oligodendrocyte or astrocyte cultures were subject to normal or stress condition with KRG or Rb1 treatment to measure gene expressions of myelin, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, antioxidants and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). RESULTS: Compared to the vehicle, KRG or Rb1 increased myelin levels at week 6.5 but not 8, when measured by the LFB(+) or GST-pi(+) area within the corpus callosum. The levels of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, astrocytes, and microglia were high at week 5, and reduced afterwards but not changed by KRG or Rb1. In primary oligodendrocyte cultures, KRG or Rb1 increased expression of myelin genes, ER stress markers, and antioxidants. Interestingly, under cuprizone treatment, elevated ER stress markers were counteracted by KRG or Rb1. Under rotenone treatment, reduced myelin gene expressions were recovered by Rb1. In primary astrocyte cultures, KRG or Rb1 decreased LIF expression. CONCLUSION: KRG and Rb1 may improve myelin regeneration during the remyelination phase in vivo, potentially by directly promoting myelin gene expression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10014189 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100141892023-03-15 Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination Kwon, Oh Wook Kim, Dalnim Koh, Eugene Yang, Hyun-Jeong J Ginseng Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Demyelination has been observed in neurological disorders, motivating researchers to search for components for enhancing remyelination. Previously we found that Rb1, a major ginsenoside in Korean Red Ginseng (KRG), enhances myelin formation. However, it has not been studied whether Rb1 or KRG function in remyelination after demyelination in vivo. METHODS: Mice were fed 0.2% cuprizone-containing chow for 5 weeks and returned to normal chow with daily oral injection of vehicle, KRG, or Rb1 for 3 weeks. Brain sections were stained with luxol fast blue (LFB) staining or immunohistochemistry. Primary oligodendrocyte or astrocyte cultures were subject to normal or stress condition with KRG or Rb1 treatment to measure gene expressions of myelin, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, antioxidants and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). RESULTS: Compared to the vehicle, KRG or Rb1 increased myelin levels at week 6.5 but not 8, when measured by the LFB(+) or GST-pi(+) area within the corpus callosum. The levels of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, astrocytes, and microglia were high at week 5, and reduced afterwards but not changed by KRG or Rb1. In primary oligodendrocyte cultures, KRG or Rb1 increased expression of myelin genes, ER stress markers, and antioxidants. Interestingly, under cuprizone treatment, elevated ER stress markers were counteracted by KRG or Rb1. Under rotenone treatment, reduced myelin gene expressions were recovered by Rb1. In primary astrocyte cultures, KRG or Rb1 decreased LIF expression. CONCLUSION: KRG and Rb1 may improve myelin regeneration during the remyelination phase in vivo, potentially by directly promoting myelin gene expression. Elsevier 2023-03 2022-10-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10014189/ /pubmed/36926609 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.005 Text en © 2022 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Kwon, Oh Wook Kim, Dalnim Koh, Eugene Yang, Hyun-Jeong Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title | Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title_full | Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title_fullStr | Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title_full_unstemmed | Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title_short | Korean Red Ginseng and Rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
title_sort | korean red ginseng and rb1 facilitate remyelination after cuprizone diet-induced demyelination |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014189/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36926609 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.005 |
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