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Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves
The diet structure is very important for the growth and development of calves. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary protein-to-starch metabolizable energy ratios (DPSRs) on growth performance, blood index, and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves. Forty-eight Holstein bull calves...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014794/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36937312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1065721 |
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author | Chen, Xue Han, Zhiyi Dong, Jianan Xiao, Jun Zhao, Wei Rong, Jiye Aschalew, Natnael D. Zhang, Xuefeng Qin, Guixin Zhen, Yuguo Sun, Zhe Wang, Tao |
author_facet | Chen, Xue Han, Zhiyi Dong, Jianan Xiao, Jun Zhao, Wei Rong, Jiye Aschalew, Natnael D. Zhang, Xuefeng Qin, Guixin Zhen, Yuguo Sun, Zhe Wang, Tao |
author_sort | Chen, Xue |
collection | PubMed |
description | The diet structure is very important for the growth and development of calves. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary protein-to-starch metabolizable energy ratios (DPSRs) on growth performance, blood index, and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves. Forty-eight Holstein bull calves were fed six dietary DPSRs including A20-35 (20% CP and 35% starch), B20-30, C20-25, D22-35, E22-30, and F22-25 at d 4 to d 60, and then changed to another six dietary DPSRs at d 61 to d 180 (A18-30, B18-27, C18-24, D20-30, E20-27, and F20-24). Twelve calves (d 60) from groups A20-35, C20-25, D22-35, and F22-25 (n = 3) and another twelve calves (d 180) from groups A18-30, C18-24, D20-30, and F20-24 (n = 3) were euthanized. The growth performance parameters were measured. Blood, ruminal fluid, and cecum digesta were collected for further analysis. Results showed heart girth gain of B18-27 was significantly higher than A18-30, C18-24, and heart girth gain (d 180) was significantly affected by protein × starch (DPSRs; p < 0.05). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN; d 60) in C20-25 was significantly higher than A20-35 and B20-30 (p < 0.05). The BUN (d 180) in D20-30 was significantly higher than A18-30 (p < 0.05). The BUN was significantly affected by protein × starch (p < 0.05) on d 60. The albumin (ALB) levels in C20-25 and C18-24 were significantly higher than that in A20-35 on d 60 and A18-30 on d 180, respectively (p < 0.05). The ALB level in D22-35 on d 60 and E20-27 on d 180 was significantly higher than that in other groups (p < 0.05). The ALB level was significantly affected by protein and starch, respectively, on d 60 (p < 0.05). In the rumen, the genera Roseburia (C20-25) and Dialister (D22-35), Prevotellaceae UCG-001 (C18-24), Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-002, and Anaerovorax (F20-24) were found in significant higher relative abundances than those in other groups (p < 0.05). In the cecum, the genera Bacteroides and Eisenbergiella (F22-25), Ruminiclostridium_1 and Candidatus Stoquefichus (A18-30), Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-004 and Tyzzerella 4 (D20-30), and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 and Klebsiella (F20-24) were found in significant higher abundances than those in other groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicated that the heart girth, BUN, ALB, and gastrointestinal microbiota responded distinctly to differing DPSRs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10014794 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-100147942023-03-16 Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves Chen, Xue Han, Zhiyi Dong, Jianan Xiao, Jun Zhao, Wei Rong, Jiye Aschalew, Natnael D. Zhang, Xuefeng Qin, Guixin Zhen, Yuguo Sun, Zhe Wang, Tao Front Microbiol Microbiology The diet structure is very important for the growth and development of calves. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary protein-to-starch metabolizable energy ratios (DPSRs) on growth performance, blood index, and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves. Forty-eight Holstein bull calves were fed six dietary DPSRs including A20-35 (20% CP and 35% starch), B20-30, C20-25, D22-35, E22-30, and F22-25 at d 4 to d 60, and then changed to another six dietary DPSRs at d 61 to d 180 (A18-30, B18-27, C18-24, D20-30, E20-27, and F20-24). Twelve calves (d 60) from groups A20-35, C20-25, D22-35, and F22-25 (n = 3) and another twelve calves (d 180) from groups A18-30, C18-24, D20-30, and F20-24 (n = 3) were euthanized. The growth performance parameters were measured. Blood, ruminal fluid, and cecum digesta were collected for further analysis. Results showed heart girth gain of B18-27 was significantly higher than A18-30, C18-24, and heart girth gain (d 180) was significantly affected by protein × starch (DPSRs; p < 0.05). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN; d 60) in C20-25 was significantly higher than A20-35 and B20-30 (p < 0.05). The BUN (d 180) in D20-30 was significantly higher than A18-30 (p < 0.05). The BUN was significantly affected by protein × starch (p < 0.05) on d 60. The albumin (ALB) levels in C20-25 and C18-24 were significantly higher than that in A20-35 on d 60 and A18-30 on d 180, respectively (p < 0.05). The ALB level in D22-35 on d 60 and E20-27 on d 180 was significantly higher than that in other groups (p < 0.05). The ALB level was significantly affected by protein and starch, respectively, on d 60 (p < 0.05). In the rumen, the genera Roseburia (C20-25) and Dialister (D22-35), Prevotellaceae UCG-001 (C18-24), Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-002, and Anaerovorax (F20-24) were found in significant higher relative abundances than those in other groups (p < 0.05). In the cecum, the genera Bacteroides and Eisenbergiella (F22-25), Ruminiclostridium_1 and Candidatus Stoquefichus (A18-30), Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-004 and Tyzzerella 4 (D20-30), and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 and Klebsiella (F20-24) were found in significant higher abundances than those in other groups (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results indicated that the heart girth, BUN, ALB, and gastrointestinal microbiota responded distinctly to differing DPSRs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10014794/ /pubmed/36937312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1065721 Text en Copyright © 2023 Chen, Han, Dong, Xiao, Zhao, Rong, Aschalew, Zhang, Qin, Zhen, Sun and Wang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Chen, Xue Han, Zhiyi Dong, Jianan Xiao, Jun Zhao, Wei Rong, Jiye Aschalew, Natnael D. Zhang, Xuefeng Qin, Guixin Zhen, Yuguo Sun, Zhe Wang, Tao Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title | Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title_full | Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title_fullStr | Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title_full_unstemmed | Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title_short | Dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
title_sort | dietary protein to starch metabolizable energy ratios alter growth performance and gastrointestinal microbiota of calves |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014794/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36937312 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1065721 |
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