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Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future

Background: Opioids and derivatives of opium had been used as analgesics for thousands of years before the introduction of inhalational anesthetic agents. Once these early volatile agents were in widespread use, opioids were used as part of anesthetic care for premedication, as intraoperative adjunc...

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Autores principales: Boysen, Philip G., Patel, Jenilkumar H., King, Angelle N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Academic Division of Ochsner Clinic Foundation 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36936479
http://dx.doi.org/10.31486/toj.22.0065
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author Boysen, Philip G.
Patel, Jenilkumar H.
King, Angelle N.
author_facet Boysen, Philip G.
Patel, Jenilkumar H.
King, Angelle N.
author_sort Boysen, Philip G.
collection PubMed
description Background: Opioids and derivatives of opium had been used as analgesics for thousands of years before the introduction of inhalational anesthetic agents. Once these early volatile agents were in widespread use, opioids were used as part of anesthetic care for premedication, as intraoperative adjuncts to general anesthesia, and for the management of postoperative pain. Evidence of growing dependence on opioids in the perioperative and periprocedural patient is supported by the ongoing research to develop synthetic opioids and to customize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to achieve specific therapeutic goals. Methods: We explore the history of opioid use in perioperative care as a means of future management in light of new persistent opioid abuse. Results: As the opium chemical structure has been modified, newer nonopioid analgesics have been approved and brought into clinical practice. Opioid-sparing and opioid-free anesthetic techniques are not only a possibility, but a reality. Conclusion: Continuing research in neurobiology and addiction genetics will ultimately lead to a pharmacogenetic approach to patients at risk for new persistent opioid abuse.
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spelling pubmed-100162192023-03-16 Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future Boysen, Philip G. Patel, Jenilkumar H. King, Angelle N. Ochsner J Reviews and Contemporary Updates Background: Opioids and derivatives of opium had been used as analgesics for thousands of years before the introduction of inhalational anesthetic agents. Once these early volatile agents were in widespread use, opioids were used as part of anesthetic care for premedication, as intraoperative adjuncts to general anesthesia, and for the management of postoperative pain. Evidence of growing dependence on opioids in the perioperative and periprocedural patient is supported by the ongoing research to develop synthetic opioids and to customize the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to achieve specific therapeutic goals. Methods: We explore the history of opioid use in perioperative care as a means of future management in light of new persistent opioid abuse. Results: As the opium chemical structure has been modified, newer nonopioid analgesics have been approved and brought into clinical practice. Opioid-sparing and opioid-free anesthetic techniques are not only a possibility, but a reality. Conclusion: Continuing research in neurobiology and addiction genetics will ultimately lead to a pharmacogenetic approach to patients at risk for new persistent opioid abuse. Academic Division of Ochsner Clinic Foundation 2023 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10016219/ /pubmed/36936479 http://dx.doi.org/10.31486/toj.22.0065 Text en ©2023 by the author(s); Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/©2023 by the author(s); licensee Ochsner Journal, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode) that permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
spellingShingle Reviews and Contemporary Updates
Boysen, Philip G.
Patel, Jenilkumar H.
King, Angelle N.
Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title_full Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title_fullStr Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title_full_unstemmed Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title_short Brief History of Opioids in Perioperative and Periprocedural Medicine to Inform the Future
title_sort brief history of opioids in perioperative and periprocedural medicine to inform the future
topic Reviews and Contemporary Updates
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016219/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36936479
http://dx.doi.org/10.31486/toj.22.0065
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