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A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool

Anthropogenic emissions have produced significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution. High levels of atmospheric CO(2) increases global temperature as CO(2) absorbs outgoing longwave radiation and re-emits. Though a well-mixed greenhou...

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Autores principales: Peter, R., Kuttippurath, J., Chakraborty, Kunal, Sunanda, N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10017811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36922652
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31468-0
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author Peter, R.
Kuttippurath, J.
Chakraborty, Kunal
Sunanda, N.
author_facet Peter, R.
Kuttippurath, J.
Chakraborty, Kunal
Sunanda, N.
author_sort Peter, R.
collection PubMed
description Anthropogenic emissions have produced significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution. High levels of atmospheric CO(2) increases global temperature as CO(2) absorbs outgoing longwave radiation and re-emits. Though a well-mixed greenhouse gas, CO(2) concentration is not uniform in the atmosphere across different altitudes and latitudes. Here, we uncover a region of high CO(2) concentration (i.e. CO(2) pool) in the middle troposphere (500–300 hPa) over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP, 40° E–140° W, 25° S–25° N), in which the CO(2) concentration is higher than that of other regions in the same latitude band (20° N–20° S), by using CO(2) satellite measurements for the period 2002–2017. This CO(2) pool extends from the western Pacific to the eastern Indian Ocean. Much of the CO(2) pool is over the western Pacific Ocean (74.87%), and the remaining lies over the eastern Indian Ocean (25.13%). The rising branch of Walker circulation acts as a “CO(2) Chimney” that constantly transports CO(2) released from the natural, human-induced and ocean outgassing processes to the middle and upper troposphere. The CO(2) pool evolves throughout the year with an average annual trend of about 2.17 ppm yr(−1), as estimated for the period 2003–2016. Our analysis further reveals that La Niña (El Niño) events strengthen (weaken) the CO(2) pool in the mid-troposphere. The radiative forcing for the CO(2) pool suggests more warming in the region and is a grave concern for global warming and climate change.
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spelling pubmed-100178112023-03-17 A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool Peter, R. Kuttippurath, J. Chakraborty, Kunal Sunanda, N. Sci Rep Article Anthropogenic emissions have produced significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution. High levels of atmospheric CO(2) increases global temperature as CO(2) absorbs outgoing longwave radiation and re-emits. Though a well-mixed greenhouse gas, CO(2) concentration is not uniform in the atmosphere across different altitudes and latitudes. Here, we uncover a region of high CO(2) concentration (i.e. CO(2) pool) in the middle troposphere (500–300 hPa) over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP, 40° E–140° W, 25° S–25° N), in which the CO(2) concentration is higher than that of other regions in the same latitude band (20° N–20° S), by using CO(2) satellite measurements for the period 2002–2017. This CO(2) pool extends from the western Pacific to the eastern Indian Ocean. Much of the CO(2) pool is over the western Pacific Ocean (74.87%), and the remaining lies over the eastern Indian Ocean (25.13%). The rising branch of Walker circulation acts as a “CO(2) Chimney” that constantly transports CO(2) released from the natural, human-induced and ocean outgassing processes to the middle and upper troposphere. The CO(2) pool evolves throughout the year with an average annual trend of about 2.17 ppm yr(−1), as estimated for the period 2003–2016. Our analysis further reveals that La Niña (El Niño) events strengthen (weaken) the CO(2) pool in the mid-troposphere. The radiative forcing for the CO(2) pool suggests more warming in the region and is a grave concern for global warming and climate change. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC10017811/ /pubmed/36922652 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31468-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Peter, R.
Kuttippurath, J.
Chakraborty, Kunal
Sunanda, N.
A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_full A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_fullStr A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_full_unstemmed A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_short A high concentration CO(2) pool over the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool
title_sort high concentration co(2) pool over the indo-pacific warm pool
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10017811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36922652
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31468-0
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