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One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability

[Image: see text] Highly cross-linked inorganic and organic hybrid cyclomatrix-polyphosphazenes microspheres (C-PPZs) have been successfully synthesized by a one-pot polymerization technique between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and p-phenylenediamine in the presence of triethylamine (TEA), and they...

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Autores principales: Rhili, Khaled, Chergui, Siham, Samih ElDouhaibi, Ahmad, Mazzah, Ahmed, Siaj, Mohamed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2023
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36936297
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c06394
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author Rhili, Khaled
Chergui, Siham
Samih ElDouhaibi, Ahmad
Mazzah, Ahmed
Siaj, Mohamed
author_facet Rhili, Khaled
Chergui, Siham
Samih ElDouhaibi, Ahmad
Mazzah, Ahmed
Siaj, Mohamed
author_sort Rhili, Khaled
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] Highly cross-linked inorganic and organic hybrid cyclomatrix-polyphosphazenes microspheres (C-PPZs) have been successfully synthesized by a one-pot polymerization technique between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and p-phenylenediamine in the presence of triethylamine (TEA), and they were used for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy resins (EPs). A thermoset EP was prepared by incorporating different percentages (2, 5, and 10%) of C-PPZs into diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The results reveal that the size and morphology of the microspheres can be tuned by varying the synthesis temperature. The average size of C-CPPZs gradually increased from 3.1, 4.9, to 7.8 μm as the temperature was increased from 100, 120, to 200 °C, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the C-CPPZ microspheres have good thermal stability up to 900 °C with about ∼10 wt % mass loss for C-CPPZs formed at 200 °C compared to ∼30 wt % mass loss for those obtained at 100 and 120 °C. The 10% loss at 900 °C is much lower than the previous research concerning the thermal stability of cyclophosphazene, in which more weight losses were observed at lower temperatures. The resulting C-CPPZ microspheres were characterized by spectroscopic and imaging techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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spelling pubmed-100185132023-03-17 One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability Rhili, Khaled Chergui, Siham Samih ElDouhaibi, Ahmad Mazzah, Ahmed Siaj, Mohamed ACS Omega [Image: see text] Highly cross-linked inorganic and organic hybrid cyclomatrix-polyphosphazenes microspheres (C-PPZs) have been successfully synthesized by a one-pot polymerization technique between hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and p-phenylenediamine in the presence of triethylamine (TEA), and they were used for enhancing the flame retardancy of epoxy resins (EPs). A thermoset EP was prepared by incorporating different percentages (2, 5, and 10%) of C-PPZs into diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). The results reveal that the size and morphology of the microspheres can be tuned by varying the synthesis temperature. The average size of C-CPPZs gradually increased from 3.1, 4.9, to 7.8 μm as the temperature was increased from 100, 120, to 200 °C, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the C-CPPZ microspheres have good thermal stability up to 900 °C with about ∼10 wt % mass loss for C-CPPZs formed at 200 °C compared to ∼30 wt % mass loss for those obtained at 100 and 120 °C. The 10% loss at 900 °C is much lower than the previous research concerning the thermal stability of cyclophosphazene, in which more weight losses were observed at lower temperatures. The resulting C-CPPZ microspheres were characterized by spectroscopic and imaging techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. American Chemical Society 2023-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10018513/ /pubmed/36936297 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c06394 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Rhili, Khaled
Chergui, Siham
Samih ElDouhaibi, Ahmad
Mazzah, Ahmed
Siaj, Mohamed
One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title_full One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title_fullStr One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title_full_unstemmed One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title_short One-Pot Synthesis of Cyclomatrix-Type Polyphosphazene Microspheres and Their High Thermal Stability
title_sort one-pot synthesis of cyclomatrix-type polyphosphazene microspheres and their high thermal stability
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018513/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36936297
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c06394
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